Nokea
Older adults may not empty their bladders completely when they void because of changes in neuromuscular functioning of the bladder muscle or, in men, enlargement of the prostate gland. Which of the following is a common complication of insufficient bladder emptying?
- A. Constipation from enlarged bladder pressing on lower gastrointestinal tract
- B. Renal failure
- C. Urinary tract infection
- D. Bladder spasms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Residual urine from incomplete bladder emptying increases the risk of urinary tract infections due to bacterial growth.
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One reason polypharmacy occurs is because an older individual has several different health-care providers prescribing medications for him or her and each is unaware of what the other has prescribed.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of coordination among providers contributes to polypharmacy, increasing drug interaction risks.
Which of the following concepts is(are) important to remember when you work in a long-term care facility?
- A. The residents are still sick, even if they are not in an acute care facility.
- B. Many residents would prefer to be left alone, and you should honor their wishes.
- C. The people consider their rooms their personal residences.
- D. Residents should be encouraged to wear pajama-type clothing for comfort.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Respecting residents' privacy and recognizing their rooms as personal spaces promote dignity and autonomy.
Physical effects of aging result, over time, in a decline in performance. Which of the following influence the physical effects of aging?
- A. Lifestyle
- B. Genetics
- C. Chronic diseases
- D. Surgeries
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Lifestyle, genetics, and chronic diseases significantly influence the physical effects of aging, impacting overall health and function.
A recliner with side arms, a lap belt, and wheels used for people who cannot sit unassisted is called a
- A. Geri-chair
- B. Wheelchair
- C. Hospital bed
- D. Lift chair
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A geri-chair is specifically designed with side arms, a lap belt, and wheels to support individuals who cannot sit unassisted, providing safety and mobility.
Anticoagulant drugs (sometimes called 'blood thinners') are broken down (metabolized) in the liver. Which of the following might be an outcome if a patient has undiagnosed liver disease but is started on anticoagulants?
- A. There will be an increase in bleeding tendencies.
- B. The drugs will be ineffective, leading to an increase in clotting tendencies.
- C. The drugs will be excreted from the body unchanged.
- D. The drugs will cause more harm to the liver, possibly leading to liver failure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Undiagnosed liver disease impairs anticoagulant metabolism, leading to drug accumulation and increased bleeding risk due to prolonged effects.