Nokea
Which of the following signs or symptoms suggest significant changes in cardiovascular health?
- A. Shortness of breath with exertion
- B. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute
- C. Bilateral ankle swelling
- D. Capillary refill of 5 seconds
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: These symptoms indicate potential heart failure or poor circulation, reflecting significant cardiovascular changes.
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Which organs of the body are primarily responsible for metabolizing and eliminating medications from the body?
- A. Gastrointestinal tract and kidneys
- B. Pancreas and lungs
- C. Liver and gastrointestinal tract
- D. Liver and kidneys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The liver metabolizes medications, and the kidneys eliminate them, making these organs primarily responsible for drug processing in the body.
An older person under your care who has been alert and oriented begins acting different than normal and appears to be hallucinating. Which of the following is the correct term for this?
- A. Depression
- B. Dementia
- C. Delirium
- D. Confusion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Delirium is characterized by acute changes in mental status, such as hallucinations, often reversible with treatment.
Fall prevention is an extremely important consideration when caring for older adults. Which of the following are interventions you can perform that will help prevent falls?
- A. Get the help of coworkers when transferring a patient with impaired mobility.
- B. Make sure the patient or resident is wearing shoes with nonskid soles.
- C. Keep walkways clear of small articles, electrical cords, and throw rugs.
- D. Never leave a resident who uses a walker while he or she is ambulating.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: All interventions reduce fall risk by ensuring safe transfers, proper footwear, clear pathways, and supervision.
people are a group who has doubled in size over the past decade and a half. They are sometimes referred to as centenarians.
- A. 80-90 years old
- B. 90-100 years old
- C. 100+ years old
- D. 95-105 years old
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Centenarians (100+ years old) have significantly increased in number, reflecting improved longevity.
Which of the following are interventions that address the issues of osteoporosis and the risk for broken bones?
- A. Make sure stairs are well lighted and that handrails are present.
- B. Suggest the patient lift light weights and wear ankle weights on his or her daily walk.
- C. Tell the patient which foods are high in potassium.
- D. Suggest the patient use an emergency help signaling device.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Proper lighting and handrails prevent falls, while weight-bearing exercises strengthen bones, reducing osteoporosis-related fracture risk.