Nokea
On the basis of the nurse's knowledge of patient rights, which Federal law has the PCT violated?
- A. Good samarian Act
- B. Uncontractic Oath
- C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
- D. Emergency Medical Treatment and Liability Act (EMTALA)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PCT violated HIPAA by discussing the client's condition loudly in a public area, compromising patient confidentiality.
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Which menu choice is best for the nurse to recommend?
- A. Hot dog with potato salad
- B. Beef bouillon and crackers
- C. Chicken breast on lettuce
- D. Cheese pizza with thin crust
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chicken breast on lettuce is low in sodium, making it suitable for a low-sodium diet required for glomerulonephritis management.
The client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection has a blood pressure of 83/56 mm Hg and a pulse of 122 bpm. Which should the nurse implement first?
- A. Notify the health-care provider (HCP).
- B. Hang the IVPB antibiotic at the prescribed rate.
- C. Check the laboratory work to determine if the urine culture has been completed.
- D. Increase the normal saline IV fluids from keep open to 150 mL/hour on the IV pump.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypotension (83/56) and tachycardia (122 bpm) suggest septic shock from the UTI. Increasing IV fluids to 150 mL/hour improves perfusion, stabilizing the client. Notification, antibiotics, and lab checks are secondary to immediate fluid resuscitation.
The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with CKD writes a client problem of 'noncompliance with dietary restrictions.' Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Teach the client the proper diet to eat while undergoing dialysis.
- B. Refer the client and significant other to the dietitian.
- C. Explain the importance of eating the proper foods.
- D. Determine the reason for the client not adhering to the diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Determining the reason for noncompliance (e.g., lack of understanding, financial barriers) is the first step to tailor interventions effectively. Teaching, referrals, or explaining importance are secondary until the root cause is identified.
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic pyelonephritis. Which assessment data support the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis?
- A. The client has fever, chills, flank pain, and dysuria.
- B. The client complains of fatigue, headaches, and increased urination.
- C. The client had a group B beta-hemolytic strep infection last week.
- D. The client has an acute viral pneumonia infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic pyelonephritis presents with subtle symptoms like fatigue, headaches, and polyuria due to long-term renal damage. Acute symptoms (fever, chills) are more typical of acute pyelonephritis. Strep or pneumonia are unrelated.
Which nursing intervention is most important to add to the client's care plan after removal of the suprapubic catheter?
- A. Check the client's urine specific gravity every shift.
- B. Measure the client's abdominal girth daily.
- C. Change wet abdominal dressings as needed.
- D. Perform a credé maneuver every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changing wet dressings prevents infection and promotes healing at the suprapubic site.