Nokea
On what are macromolecules is the genetic code carried?
- A. Nucleotides
- B. Chromosomes
- C. DNA
- D. RNA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The genetic code is carried on nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. Nucleotides contain the genetic information crucial for the functioning of organisms. While chromosomes, DNA, and RNA play roles in genetic processes, the genetic code specifically resides on nucleotides.
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What percentage of a female's blood volume is composed of red blood cells?
- A. 10%
- B. 25%
- C. 40%
- D. 70%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Approximately 40% of a female's blood volume is composed of red blood cells, a proportion known as hematocrit. This percentage may vary slightly based on factors like age and overall health. Red blood cells play a crucial role in oxygen transport throughout the body, and deviations from the normal range can indicate various medical conditions.
Where in the human body are most nutrients absorbed?
- A. Kidney.
- B. Large intestine.
- C. Lungs.
- D. Small Intestine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
What is the function of thrombocytes?
- A. Blood clotting
- B. Oxygen transport
- C. Immune response
- D. Hormone production
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, play a crucial role in blood clotting. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, thrombocytes adhere to the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. This process is essential for wound healing and preventing excessive blood loss. Therefore, the correct function of thrombocytes is blood clotting.
What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?
- A. Hormones
- B. Neurons
- C. Glands
- D. Second messengers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hormones are signaling molecules produced by glands that travel through the bloodstream to target cells, exerting control over processes like growth, differentiation, and metabolism. Neurons are nerve cells responsible for transmitting electrical impulses. Glands are structures that secrete substances like hormones. Second messengers are molecules involved in intracellular signal transduction pathways, amplifying and transmitting signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus.
Which organelle contributes to phagocytosis in white blood cells?
- A. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- B. Lysosomes
- C. Vacuole
- D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lysosomes are the organelles responsible for phagocytosis in white blood cells. During phagocytosis, white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens or debris. Lysosomes contain enzymes that aid in breaking down the engulfed material, playing a crucial role in the process. On the other hand, the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Vacuole, and Golgi apparatus have different functions within the cell and are not directly involved in phagocytosis.