Nokea
One method substance abusers use to try to hide their addiction is to
- A. Avoid brushing their teeth
- B. Use room fresheners
- C. Consistently make eye contact
- D. Have strong social relationships
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use room fresheners. Substance abusers may use room fresheners to mask the smell of drugs or alcohol. This can help them hide their addiction from others by creating a more pleasant environment. Avoiding brushing their teeth (A) would not effectively hide their addiction, making eye contact (C) is unrelated to hiding addiction, and having strong social relationships (D) may not necessarily conceal their substance abuse. Using room fresheners is a direct method to cover up the scent associated with substance abuse.
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Which of the following is true of sleep?
- A. The elderly usually go to sleep faster than other groups.
- B. The elderly are more able to tolerate sleep deprivation than other groups.
- C. Lack of sleep can cause decreased mental function.
- D. People can live in good health even without much sleep.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lack of sleep can cause decreased mental function. This is true because sleep is essential for cognitive function and overall well-being. Lack of sleep can impair memory, concentration, decision-making, and mood. It can also lead to slower reaction times and decreased performance in various tasks.
Choice A is incorrect because the elderly generally have more sleep disturbances and take longer to fall asleep. Choice B is incorrect as older adults are actually more sensitive to the effects of sleep deprivation. Choice D is incorrect because consistent lack of sleep can lead to various health issues and impact overall well-being.
The nurse is caring for a surgical patient, when the family member asks what perioperative nursing means. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Perioperative nursing occurs in preadmission testing.
- B. Perioperative nursing occurs primarily in the postanesthesia care unit.
- C. Perioperative nursing includes activities before, during, and after surgery.
- D. Perioperative nursing includes activities only during the surgical procedure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because perioperative nursing encompasses all activities before, during, and after surgery. Preoperative care involves preparing the patient for surgery, intraoperative care includes assisting the surgical team, and postoperative care focuses on recovery. Choice A is incorrect as perioperative nursing is not limited to preadmission testing. Choice B is incorrect as it only refers to the postanesthesia care unit, excluding other phases of care. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests perioperative nursing is limited to activities during surgery, neglecting the crucial pre and postoperative components.
Laboratory results for a patient on prolonged bedrest include a high level of urinary calcium. What risk does this pose for the patient?
- A. urinary calcium is not a concern
- B. renal calculi (kidney stones)
- C. increased urinary output
- D. imbalanced intake/output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excess urinary calcium from bone breakdown risks kidney stones.
Your adult patient has an altered mental status, and a blood sugar reading of 35 mg/dL is obtained using a glucometer. He is unable to follow commands, and no IV access is available. Which medication and route should be considered?
- A. Glucagon intramuscularly
- B. Oral glucose by mouth
- C. Dextrose intravenously
- D. Glucagon subcutaneously
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glucagon intramuscularly. Glucagon is the preferred treatment for severe hypoglycemia in patients with altered mental status and no IV access. When administered intramuscularly, it quickly raises blood sugar levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown in the liver. Oral glucose (choice B) is not suitable for patients who cannot follow commands. IV dextrose (choice C) requires IV access, which is not available in this scenario. Glucagon should not be given subcutaneously (choice D) as it may have delayed absorption and be less effective in this critical situation.
Which one following statements on transitional care is true:
- A. There is no need for transitional care for patients discharged to a nursing home as there are healthcare professionals on site
- B. Transitional care starts when a patient is at the next destination of care
- C. There is no time limit for the duration of transitional care
- D. Transitional care is most impactful in high-risk patients with complex medical issues
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transitional care is critical for high-risk, complex patients to prevent readmissions. Nursing homes still require transitional planning, it starts before discharge, and has a defined duration, making D the most accurate.