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Parents of an adolescent ask the school nurse, It is OK for our adolescent to get a job? The nurse should answer telling the parents the effects of adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week are what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Can lead to fatigue
- B. Can lead to poorer grades
- C. Improves an interest in school
- D. Enhances development and identity
- E. Can reduce extracurricular involvement
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Detrimental effects are likely for adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week. Greater involvement in work can lead to fatigue, decreased interest in school, reduced extracurricular involvement, and poorer grades. Involvement in work may take time away from other activities that could contribute to identity development. Adolescent work as it exists today may negatively affect development.
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The school nurse is teaching an adolescent about social networking and texting on phones. What statement by the adolescent indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. Social networking can help me develop interpersonal skills.
- B. I will have an opportunity to interact with people like myself.
- C. My text messaging during class time in school will not cause any disruption.
- D. I should be cautious, as the online environment can create opportunities for cyberbullying.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Internet chatrooms and social networking sites have created a more public arena for trying out identities and developing interpersonal skills with a wider network of people, occasionally with anonymity. This can create opportunities for young people who have a limited access to friends (because of rural location, shyness, or rare chronic conditions) to interact with people like themselves. Both the online and text environment can create opportunities for cyberbullying, in which teens engage in insults, harassment, and publicly humiliating statements online or on cell phones. Text messaging and instant messaging via cell phones has become a common activity and can sometimes be disruptive during school. If the adolescent indicates it will not be disruptive, further teaching is needed.
The nurse is assessing the Tanner stage in an adolescent male. The nurse recognizes that the stages are based on what?
- A. Hair growth on the face and chest
- B. Changes in the voice to a deeper timbre
- C. Muscle growth in the arms, legs, and shoulders
- D. Size and shape of the penis and scrotum and distribution of pubic hair
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In males, the Tanner stages describe pubertal development based on the size and shape of the penis and scrotum and the shape and distribution of pubic hair. During puberty, hair begins to grow on the face and chest; the voice becomes deeper; and muscles grow in the arms, legs, and shoulders, but these are not used for the Tanner stages.
What are characteristics of early adolescence (1114 years) with regard to identity? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Mature sexual identity
- B. Increase in self-esteem
- C. Trying out of various roles
- D. Conformity to group norms
- E. Preoccupied with rapid body changes
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Characteristics of early adolescence identity include trying out of various roles, conformity to group norms, and preoccupation with rapid body changes. Mature sexual identity and increase in self-esteem are characteristics of late adolescent identity.
The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what?
- A. Inflexible
- B. A developmental process
- C. Differs for boys and girls
- D. Proceeds in a defined sequence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The development of sexual orientation as a part of sexual identity includes several developmental milestones during late childhood and throughout adolescence. The sequence and time spent in phases are different for each individual. Boys and girls pass through the same developmental milestones.
The nurse is assessing the Tanner stage in an adolescent female. The nurse recognizes that the stages are based on which?
- A. The stages of vaginal changes
- B. The progression of menstrual cycles to regularity
- C. Breast size and the shape and distribution of pubic hair
- D. The development of fat deposits around the hips and buttocks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In females, the Tanner stages describe pubertal development based on breast size and the shape and distribution of pubic hair. The stages of vaginal changes, progression of menstrual cycles to regularity, and the development of fat deposits occur during puberty but are not used for the Tanner stages.