Nokea
Patients need to be instructed regarding the drug interactions with St John's wort, including:
- A. MAO inhibitors
- B. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- C. Over-the-counter cough and cold medications
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: St John's wort interacts with MAOIs, SSRIs (risk of serotonin syndrome), and OTC drugs via CYP450 induction.
You may also like to solve these questions
The following drugs are correctly paired with a clinical use EXCEPT:
- A. Danazol to treat endometriosis
- B. Flutamide to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
- C. Finasteride to treat male pattern baldness
- D. Clomiphene to treat anovulatory infertility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flutamide treats prostate cancer, not BPH; finasteride is used for BPH.
Glimepiride (Amaryl) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. A nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Organ meats
- C. Whole-grain cereals
- D. Carbonated beverages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When alcohol is combined with glimepiride (Amaryl), a disulfiram-like reaction may occur. This syndrome includes flushing, palpitations, and nausea. Alcohol can also potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of the medication. Clients need to be instructed to avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication. The items in options 2, 3, and 4 do not need to be avoided.
Daniel has been on 60 mg of prednisone for 10 days to treat a severe asthma exacerbation. It is time to discontinue the prednisone. How is prednisone discontinued?
- A. Patients with asthma are transitioned directly off the prednisone onto inhaled corticosteroids
- B. Prednisone can be abruptly discontinued with no adverse effects
- C. Develop a tapering schedule to slowly wean Daniel off the prednisone
- D. Substitute the prednisone with another anti-inflammatory such as ibuprofen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tapering prevents adrenal suppression after high-dose prednisone; abrupt stop risks crisis.
James is a 52-year-old overweight smoker taking theophylline for his persistent asthma. He tells his provider he is going to start the Atkin's diet for weight loss. The appropriate response would be:
- A. Congratulate him on making a positive change in his life
- B. Recommend he discuss this with his provider since the Atkin's diet increases the risk of theophylline toxicity
- C. Tell him the Atkin's diet has no effect on theophylline
- D. Suggest adding a steroid inhaler to manage asthma during the diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Atkin's diet (high-fat, low-carb) can increase theophylline levels, risking toxicity ; simple congratulations or dismissal overlook this interaction.
A patient on a Class IV antiarrhythmic is experiencing bradycardia. Which medication is the patient most likely taking?
- A. Amiodarone
- B. Diltiazem
- C. Flecainide
- D. Lidocaine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diltiazem, a Class IV calcium channel blocker, slows AV node conduction, commonly causing bradycardia.