Nokea
Patients who have a poor metabolism phenotype will have:
- A. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to accumulation of prodrug
- B. Accumulation of inactive metabolites of drugs
- C. A need for increased dosages of medications
- D. Increased elimination of an active drug
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor metabolizers (e.g., CYP2D6) slowly convert prodrugs to active forms , causing prodrug buildup, not metabolite accumulation or faster elimination .
You may also like to solve these questions
Patient education regarding the use of ciprofloxacin-hydrocortisone (Cipro HC otic) ear drops includes:
- A. Fill the canal with the drops with each dose
- B. Some redness and itching around the ear canal is normal
- C. Warm the bottle of ear drops in his or her hand before administering
- D. Cipro HC otic may cause ototoxicity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warming Cipro HC improves comfort; filling or ototoxicity aren't standard advice.
A patient who takes an oral sulfonylurea medication will begin taking fluconazole (Diflucan). The nurse will expect to monitor which lab values in this patient?
- A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
- B. Electrolytes
- C. Fluconazole levels
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluconazole inhibits CYP450, increasing sulfonylurea levels and hypoglycemia risk; glucose monitoring is key. Patients taking sulfonylurea drugs may have altered serum glucose when taking antifungal medications.
Precautions that should be taken when prescribing controlled substances include:
- A. Faxing the prescription for a Schedule II drug directly to the pharmacy
- B. Using tamper-proof paper for all prescriptions written for controlled drugs
- C. Keeping any pre-signed prescription pads in a locked drawer in the clinic
- D. Using only numbers to indicate the amount of drug to be prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tamper-proof paper prevents fraud, a key precaution; faxing Schedule II has restrictions, and locking pads or numbers-only are less specific.
GLP-1 agonists:
- A. Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell
- B. Have been approved for monotherapy
- C. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite
- D. Can be given orally once daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GLP-1 agonists bind beta-cell receptors to enhance insulin release; they're not monotherapy-approved or oral .
This graph shows the concentration-dependent effects of norepinephrine on arterial blood pressure, both alone, and in the presence of a fixed concentration of Drug X. Which type of antagonist is Drug X?
- A. Silent
- B. Non-competitive
- C. Competitive
- D. Chemical
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A non-competitive antagonist reduces the maximal response without shifting the potency (EC50), as indicated by the answer key, likely showing a decreased maximum on the graph.