Nokea
Patients whose total dose of prednisone will exceed 1 gram will most likely need a second prescription for:
- A. Metformin, a biguanide to prevent diabetes
- B. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor to prevent peptic ulcer disease
- C. Naproxen, an NSAID to treat joint pain
- D. Furosemide, a diuretic to treat fluid retention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-dose prednisone risks ulcers, warranting omeprazole; diabetes or fluid are less immediate.
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A home care nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse tells the client to:
- A. Freeze the insulin.
- B. Refrigerate the insulin.
- C. Store the insulin in a dark, dry place.
- D. Keep the insulin at room temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin in unopened vials should be stored under refrigeration until needed. Vials should not be frozen. When stored unopened under refrigeration, insulin can be used up to the expiration date on the vial. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
Which of the following antiarrhythmic agents has the longest plasma half-life?
- A. Amiodarone
- B. Disopyramide
- C. Quinidine
- D. Disopyramide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amiodarone has a half-life of weeks due to extensive tissue distribution.
A nurse is preparing to administer Amoxicillin 20 mg/kg/day PO to divide equally every 12 hr to a preschooler who weighs 44 lb. The amount available is amoxicillin suspension 250 mg/5 mL. how many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 4
- B. 7
- C. 1
- D. 10
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 44 lb = 20 kg; 20 mg/kg/day 20 kg = 400 mg/day; 400 mg ÷ 2 doses = 200 mg/dose; 200 mg ÷ (250 mg/5 mL) = 4 mL, matching the answer.
A nurse is teaching a client who has Graves' disease about her prescribed medications. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the use of Propranolol in the treatment of Graves' disease?
- A. Propranolol helps increase blood flow to my thyroid gland.
- B. Propranolol is used to prevent excess glucose in my blood.
- C. Propranolol will decrease my tremors and fast heart beat.
- D. Propranolol promotes a decrease of thyroid hormone in my body
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol reduces tremors and tachycardia in Graves' disease by blocking beta-adrenergic effects.
The standard dosage of St John's wort for the treatment of mild depression is:
- A. 300 mg daily
- B. 100 mg three times a day
- C. 300 mg three times a day
- D. 600 mg three times a day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 300 mg three times daily is the standard dose for St John's wort in mild depression.