ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers Related

Review ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers related questions and content

Pepsinogen secreted by the gastric cells is converted into pepsin by:

  • A. enterokinase
  • B. hydrochloric acid
  • C. gastric lipase
  • D. pancreatic lipase
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pepsinogen is converted into its active form, pepsin, by hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid helps in unfolding the pepsinogen molecule to transform it into pepsin, which is crucial for protein digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is hydrochloric acid (choice B). Enterokinase (choice A) is an enzyme produced in the small intestine that activates trypsinogen into trypsin, not pepsinogen. Gastric lipase (choice C) is an enzyme that digests fats, not involved in converting pepsinogen to pepsin. Pancreatic lipase (choice D) is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that aids in breaking down fats in the small intestine, not part of the process of pepsin activation.

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Which compound is necessary for emulsification of fat in the body?

  • A. Bile salts
  • B. Cholecystokinin
  • C. Chyme
  • D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bile salts are essential for emulsifying fats in the body. They break down fats into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzymes to work on during digestion. Cholecystokinin is a hormone that stimulates the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes, but it is not directly involved in emulsification. Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine and does not play a role in emulsifying fats. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that acts on proteins, not fats.

Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts are known as:

  • A. indispensable.
  • B. dispensable.
  • C. simple.
  • D. complex.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'dispensable.' Dispensable amino acids are those that the body can synthesize in sufficient amounts, so they are not required to be obtained from the diet. Indispensable amino acids, on the other hand, are essential and must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce them in sufficient quantities. Choices C and D, 'simple' and 'complex,' are incorrect as they do not accurately describe amino acids in terms of synthesis by the body.

Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide?

  • A. Glucose.
  • B. Fructose.
  • C. Galactose.
  • D. Maltose.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Which of the following enzymes is found in pancreatic secretions?

  • A. Rennin
  • B. Pepsin
  • C. Chymotrypsin
  • D. Casein
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chymotrypsin is an enzyme found in pancreatic secretions that plays a role in protein digestion. Rennin is primarily found in the stomach and is involved in milk digestion. Pepsin is also a stomach enzyme that aids in protein breakdown. Casein is a protein found in milk, not an enzyme involved in pancreatic secretions. Therefore, the correct answer is Chymotrypsin.

Most fat replacers are made from:

  • A. proteins.
  • B. carbohydrates.
  • C. cholesterol.
  • D. monoglycerides.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Most fat replacers are made from carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are utilized to mimic the texture of fats in food products. Proteins (Choice A) are not commonly used as fat replacers and are more often associated with other functions in food. Cholesterol (Choice C) is a type of fat and not used to replace fat in food products. Monoglycerides (Choice D) are sometimes used as emulsifiers or stabilizers in food products but are not the primary source of fat replacers.

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