Nokea
Persons who suffer from paraphilias are categorized as having
- A. somatoform disorders
- B. generalized anxiety
- C. sexual disorders
- D. personality disorders
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Paraphilias are classified as sexual disorders, involving atypical sexual interests causing distress or harm.
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In autistic spectrum disorder when as individual exhibits immediate imitation of words or sounds they have just heard, this is known as:
- A. Echoastic disorder
- B. Phonological inhibition
- C. Echolalia
- D. Grapheme dysfunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Echolalia: The immediate imitation of words or sounds heard, a common feature in autistic spectrum disorder.
Which symptom of Alzheimer's disease is associated with disorientation to time and place?
- A. Forgetting in what order to put clothes on
- B. Forgetting simple words
- C. Forgetting where he or she lives
- D. Becoming suspicious of others
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forgetting where he or she lives. In Alzheimer's disease, disorientation to time and place is a common symptom due to memory loss and cognitive decline. Forgetting where one lives directly relates to disorientation, as the individual may not recognize their home or surroundings. Choice A is related to sequencing and executive function, not specific to time and place. Choice B is more associated with language and communication difficulties. Choice D relates to paranoia or mistrust, not specifically related to disorientation to time and place. In summary, the correct answer directly reflects the symptom of disorientation in Alzheimer's disease, while the other choices are related to different cognitive functions.
Which intervention would be appropriate for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping as evidenced by manipulation of others?
- A. Refer patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse.
- B. Provide negative reinforcement for any acting-out behavior.
- C. Ignore rather than confront inappropriate interpersonal behavior.
- D. Encourage the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because referring patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse promotes patient independence and helps establish boundaries. This intervention empowers the patient to take responsibility for their care and reduces the reliance on manipulation of others.
Choice B is incorrect because negative reinforcement may exacerbate the behavior and lead to further manipulation.
Choice C is incorrect because ignoring inappropriate behavior does not address the underlying issue of ineffective coping and may reinforce the behavior.
Choice D is incorrect because encouraging the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority may be helpful, but it does not directly address the manipulation of others, which is the main concern in this nursing diagnosis.
A patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the psychiatric unit in an acutely disturbed, violent state. He is given several doses of haloperidol (Haldol) and becomes calm and approachable. During rounds the nurse notices the patient has his head rotated to one side in a stiffly fixed position. His lower jaw is thrust forward and he appears severely anxious. The patient has ______, and the nurse should ______.
- A. a dystonic reaction"¦administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin)
- B. tardive dyskinesia"¦seek a change in the drug or its dosage
- C. waxy flexibility"¦continue treatment with antipsychotic drugs
- D. akathisia"¦administer PRN diphenhydramine (Benadryl) PO
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a dystonic reaction"¦administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin).
1. Step: Identify the symptoms - The patient has head rotation, stiff fixed position, and lower jaw thrust forward, indicating dystonia.
2. Step: Understand dystonic reactions - Dystonia is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol.
3. Step: Choose appropriate treatment - Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat acute dystonic reactions.
4. Step: Administer the medication - IM benztropine is the correct route for acute treatment of dystonia.
Summary:
- Choice B (tardive dyskinesia) is incorrect because the symptoms described are acute and not consistent with the gradual onset of tardive dyskinesia.
- Choice C (waxy flexibility) is incorrect because it is a symptom of catatonia, not a side effect of ant
Which situation is consensual sex rather than rape?
- A. A husband forces vaginal sex when he comes home intoxicated from a party. The wife objects.
- B. A woman's lover pleads with her to have oral sex. She gives in but then regrets the decision.
- C. A person is beaten, robbed, and forcibly subjected to anal penetration by an assailant.
- D. A dentist gives anesthesia for a procedure and then has intercourse with the unconscious patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because, although the woman initially gave in to her lover's plea for oral sex, she later regretted the decision. Consent must be freely given without coercion or manipulation. In this scenario, the woman's regret indicates that her initial agreement was not genuine consent. Choice A involves force and lack of consent. Choice C depicts a violent and non-consensual act. Choice D involves taking advantage of a vulnerable and unconscious individual, which is also non-consensual.