Nokea
Phase IV clinical trials in the United States are also known as:
- A. Human bioavailability trials
- B. Post marketing research
- C. Human safety and efficacy studies
- D. The last stage of animal trials before the human trials begin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phase IV is post-marketing research , monitoring drugs after approval, unlike earlier phases or animal studies.
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The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with busulfan (Myleran). Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with this medication?
- A. Clotting time
- B. Uric acid level
- C. Potassium level
- D. Blood glucose level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an increase in the uric acid level. Hyperuricemia can produce uric acid nephropathy, renal stones, and acute renal failure. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to this medication.
The antidote for paracetamol poisoning is:
- A. Acetylsalicylic acid
- B. Acetylcysteine
- C. Prostacyclin
- D. Omeprazole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione, detoxifying paracetamol's toxic metabolite.
Kirk sprained his ankle and is asking for pain medication for his mild-to-moderate pain. The appropriate first-line medication would be:
- A. Ibuprofen (Advil)
- B. Acetaminophen with hydrocodone (Vicodin)
- C. Oxycodone (Oxycontin)
- D. Oral morphine (Roxanol)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ibuprofen is first-line for mild-to-moderate pain due to efficacy and safety.
The major mechanism of gemfibrozil is:
- A. Increased expression of high-affinity LDL receptors
- B. Inhibition of secretion of VLDL by the liver
- C. Reduction of secretion of HDL by the liver
- D. Increased lipid hydrolysis by lipoprotein lipase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gemfibrozil activates lipoprotein lipase, enhancing triglyceride hydrolysis.
Beta-blockers decrease nocturnal melatonin release, thereby contributing to sleep disturbances.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-blockers, especially lipophilic ones, reduce melatonin release, potentially causing sleep disturbances.