Nokea
Physiologic anemia often occurs during pregnancy as a result of:
- A. inadequate intake of iron.
- B. dilution of hemoglobin concentration.
- C. the fetus establishing iron stores.
- D. decreased production of erythrocytes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physiologic anemia during pregnancy occurs due to the expansion of plasma volume, causing a dilution of hemoglobin concentration. Increased blood volume is necessary to support the growing fetus, leading to a relative decrease in hemoglobin levels. Inadequate iron intake (Choice A) can cause iron-deficiency anemia but is not the primary reason for physiologic anemia in pregnancy. The fetus establishing iron stores (Choice C) is unrelated to the maternal anemia. Decreased production of erythrocytes (Choice D) is not the main cause of anemia in pregnancy; rather, it is the dilution effect from increased plasma volume.
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A 31-year-old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires about the woman's last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The woman states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical examination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is not pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?
- A. She took the pregnancy test too early.
- B. She takes anticonvulsants.
- C. She has a fibroid tumor.
- D. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anticonvulsants may cause false-positive pregnancy test results.
A woman at 10 weeks of gestation who is seen in the prenatal clinic with presumptive signs and symptoms of pregnancy likely will have:
- A. amenorrhea
- B. positive pregnancy test
- C. Chadwick's sign
- D. Hegar's sign
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Presumptive signs of pregnancy include amenorrhea, nausea, and breast changes. Positive pregnancy tests and physical signs like Chadwick's or Hegar's signs are classified as probable signs.
The male reproductive system includes:
- A. The testes
- B. The vulva
- C. The cervix
- D. Mammary glands
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The testes are part of the male reproductive system and are responsible for producing sperm and testosterone.
A nurse is educating a pregnant client about ways to prevent UTIs. Which statement by the client indicates that she understands the information from the nurse?
- A. I should decrease my fluid intake.
- B. Drinking Coke will prevent me from getting a UTI.
- C. I should always empty my bladder right after I have intercourse.
- D. I should drink orange juice every morning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should always empty my bladder right after I have intercourse." This is correct because emptying the bladder after intercourse helps to flush out bacteria and reduce the risk of UTIs. Choice A is incorrect as adequate fluid intake is important to prevent UTIs. Choice B is incorrect as drinking Coke does not prevent UTIs and may even increase the risk due to its sugar content. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that drinking orange juice prevents UTIs. Overall, choice C is the best preventative measure supported by medical evidence.
A pregnant patient comes into the medical clinic stating that her family and friends are telling
her that she is always talking about the pregnancy and nothing else. She is concerned that
something is wrong with her. What psychological behavior is she exhibiting?
- A. Antepartum obsession
- B. Ambivalence
- C. Uncertainty
- D. Uncertainty
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Uncertainty. The patient is exhibiting psychological behavior characterized by doubt and indecision regarding her pregnancy. This is evident by her concern and the feedback she is receiving from her family and friends.
A: Antepartum obsession is not the correct choice as the patient is not displaying an obsessive preoccupation with her pregnancy.
B: Ambivalence is not the correct choice as it refers to conflicting feelings or thoughts, which are not explicitly mentioned in the scenario.
C: Uncertainty is essentially the same as choice D, which is the correct answer.
In summary, the patient's behavior aligns with uncertainty as she is expressing doubt and worry about her excessive focus on her pregnancy.