Nokea
Place the following phases of crisis in the correct sequential order. Order each response with a number from first to last, with #1 as the first phase of crisis to #4 which is the fourth phase of crisis. 1. The signs and symptoms of the General Adaptation Syndrome 2. Detachment and disorientation 3. Trying alternative methods of coping 4. The use of psychological ego defense mechanisms
- A. 3,2,1,4
- B. 1,2,3,4
- C. 4,3,2,1
- D. 4,3,1,2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crisis phases (B: 1,2,3,4) follow GAS, detachment, coping attempts, and defense mechanisms.
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The nurse is caring for the newborn of a mother who is HIV positive. What treatment should the nurse expect to be prescribed for the infant?
- A. Bacitracin
- B. Erythromycin
- C. Protease inhibitor
- D. Zidovudine (AZT)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Zidovudine (AZT). This antiretroviral medication is commonly used to prevent transmission of HIV from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery. AZT reduces the risk of vertical transmission by inhibiting viral replication in the newborn. Bacitracin (A) and Erythromycin (B) are antibiotics that do not treat HIV. Protease inhibitors (C) are not typically used in newborns due to safety concerns and efficacy in preventing transmission.
12,000 babies in the ----are born each year with a hearing loss:
- A. UK
- B. US
- C. Pak
- D. China
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the US, about 12,000 babies are born annually with hearing loss, per CDC data.
The nurse provides teaching on nevirapine (Viramune) for a patient who is HIV positive. Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
- A. Monitor for rash.
- B. Observe urine color.
- C. Report extremity pain.
- D. Monitor for flulike symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because monitoring for rash is a crucial aspect of nevirapine therapy due to the risk of severe skin reactions. This teaching is essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Option B is unrelated to nevirapine therapy. Option C is vague and not specific to nevirapine side effects. Option D is also important but less specific to nevirapine's adverse effects compared to monitoring for rash. Thus, the correct answer is A.
The nurse has been discussing actions to prevent AIDS-related wasting syndrome with a patient being treated for AIDS. Which patient statements indicate an understanding of this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Eat a low-residue diet.
- B. Drink liquids before meals.
- C. Enjoy food odors to stimulate appetite.
- D. Numb painful oral sores with ice or popsicles.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eat a low-residue diet. This is because AIDS-related wasting syndrome can lead to malabsorption issues and gastrointestinal symptoms, making it difficult for the body to absorb nutrients from food. A low-residue diet is recommended to reduce the amount of fiber and bulk in the diet, making it easier for the body to digest and absorb nutrients. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically address the nutritional needs of a patient with AIDS-related wasting syndrome. Drinking liquids before meals may help with appetite but does not address nutrient absorption. Enjoying food odors may stimulate appetite but does not focus on nutrient intake. Numbing oral sores with ice or popsicles addresses symptom management but does not address the underlying issue of nutrient absorption.
The psychosexual stage associated with fixation is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anal stage is often linked to fixation (e.g., anal-retentive traits) if unresolved (Freud).