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Please select a correct statement:
- A. The risk of glaucoma and cataract increases with long-term use of steroids
- B. in the case of long term corticosteroid therapy rapid withdrawal increase the risk of hypertonic crisis
- C. Prescribing steroids in the case of transplantation stimulated transplant rejection
- D. In the bone steroids decrease osteoclasts and increase osteoblasts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Long-term steroid use increases the risk of glaucoma and cataracts due to ocular effects.
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Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Constipation
- D. Decreased respirations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment. The nurse should include which of the following instructions?
- A. Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose.
- B. Rub the ointment directly into your skin until it is no longer visible.
- C. Cover the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad.
- D. Apply the ointment to the same skin area each time.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Removing the prior dose prevents overdose and ensures accurate dosing.
Treatment goals in prescribing should:
- A. Always be curative
- B. Be patient-centered
- C. Be convenient for the provider
- D. Focus on the cost of therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient-centered goals prioritize individual needs and outcomes, not just cure , provider convenience , or cost alone .
There is strong evidence to support that adequate vitamin C intake prevents:
- A. The common cold
- B. Breast cancer
- C. Scurvy
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adequate vitamin C prevents scurvy, a deficiency disease, but does not prevent colds or cancer.
The patient asks the nurse, Is it safe to take over-the-counter (OTC) medications with prescription medications? What is the nurse's best response?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. OTC medications can interact with prescription medications.
- B. It is important to tell your doctor all medications you take, including OTC.
- C. OTC medications could mask or hide signs and symptoms of a disease.
- D. You should avoid taking any OTC medication when taking prescription drugs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: OTC medications can interact with prescription medications or other OTC so it is always important to consult your pharmacist and provider for advice. To provide the most accurate instruction, the health care provider must know all medications taken including dietary supplements, OTC, and prescription. OTC medications could mask or hide symptoms of a disease so it is always important to consult a physician if symptoms persist. OTC medications are not prohibited when taking prescription drugs as long as no drug interaction occurs. How an OTC will impact a prescription medication varies depending on the medications involved, so it is incorrect to say it will make the prescription drug more effective.