Nokea
Plotted curve usually begins in the lower left corner
- A. Cumulative frequency curve
- B. Survival curve
- C. Both
- D. Neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cumulative frequency curves start at the lower left corner.
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Discuss the possible health effects that have been associated with exposure to electric and magnetic fields and ionizing radiation.
- A. EMF: unclear evidence; Ionizing: cancer risk.
- B. EMF: immediate death; Ionizing: no known risks.
- C. EMF: improved sleep; Ionizing: enhanced mood.
- D. EMF: faster metabolism; Ionizing: increased energy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Evidence linking EMFs to health effects is inconclusive, while ionizing radiation is a well-established carcinogen.
What is meant by the term TTHM, and why is it relevant to water quality?
- A. Trihalomethanes formed during chlorination; potential carcinogens.
- B. Toxic trace heavy metals; cause immediate poisoning.
- C. Total thermal heat management; regulates temperature.
- D. Temporary total hardness measure; affects taste.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TTHMs are disinfection byproducts linked to cancer risks, making them critical for water quality monitoring.
Which one are two dimensional diagrams?
- A. Bar diagrams
- B. Cubes
- C. Circles
- D. None of them
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bar diagrams represent two-dimensional data.
First step of epidemic investigation?
- A. Preparing case definition
- B. Mapping the epidemic
- C. Confirmation
- D. Searching for the cases
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first step in investigating an epidemic is to confirm the existence of the outbreak through verification of cases.
What is likely to be the best routinely available data source for each of the following kinds of studies?
- A. Hospital discharge survey
- B. Cancer registries
- C. National Health Survey
- D. Disease registries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cancer registries are dedicated to collecting data on cancer incidence and outcomes, offering the most precise information on cancer morbidity.