Nokea
Postulated the INTERPERSONAL ASPECT OF NURSING
- A. Travelbee
- B. Swanson
- C. Zderad
- D. Peplau
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Joyce Travelbee's Interpersonal Theory, from the 1960s, views nursing as a human-to-human relationship during illness e.g., helping a patient find meaning in cancer. Swanson's caring processes, Zderad's humanism, and Peplau's therapeutic focus differ. Travelbee's emphasis on interpersonal coping and meaning-making, distinct from Parse's human becoming, guides nurses in emotional support, especially in terminal care.
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Caring involves 5 processes, KNOWING, BEING WITH, DOING FOR, ENABLING and MAINTAINING BELIEF.
- A. Benner
- B. Watson
- C. Leininger
- D. Swanson
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kristen Swanson's Theory of Caring, from the 1990s, outlines five processes: knowing (understanding the patient's experience), being with (offering presence), doing for (performing tasks patients can't), enabling (empowering self-care), and maintaining belief (instilling hope). Unlike Benner's expertise model, Watson's spiritual focus, or Leininger's cultural lens, Swanson's framework is practical and patient-centered. For instance, a nurse might ‘know' a cancer patient's fears, ‘be with' them during chemo, ‘do for' by administering meds, ‘enable' through education, and ‘maintain belief' by affirming recovery potential. Grounded in empirical research, her theory guides nurses in holistic care, particularly in maternal or end-of-life settings, emphasizing relational depth over technical skill alone.
A client has been on bed rest for 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is ready to ambulate?
- A. The client uses a walker to move from the bed to the chair.
- B. The client has a strong cough.
- C. The client can bear weight on both legs.
- D. The client has a normal respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The nurse should recognize that all of the following physical changes of the head and face are associated with the aging client except:
- A. Pronounced wrinkles on the face
- B. Decreased size of the nose and ears
- C. Increased growth of facial hair
- D. Neck wrinkles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client is receiving continuous enteral feedings. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Monitor intake and output every 8 hours.
- B. Flush the feeding tube every 4 hours.
- C. Measure the client's temperature every 24 hours.
- D. Change the feeding bag and tubing every 72 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flushing the feeding tube every 4 hours is essential to maintain patency and prevent clogging, ensuring the client receives the prescribed enteral nutrition without interruption. Monitoring intake and output, measuring temperature, and changing the feeding bag and tubing are also important aspects of care but not directly related to maintaining the patency of the feeding tube in a client receiving continuous enteral feedings.
Which of the following statement is NOT true about developmental stages?
- A. Based on age only
- B. Includes physical changes
- C. Includes psychosocial changes
- D. Proposed by Erikson
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.