Nokea
Pregnancy in the breastfeeding postpartum mother is at the lowest likelihood
- A. within one month of delivery
- B. throughout the duration of breastfeeding
- C. when menstruation resumes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding can suppress ovulation, reducing pregnancy likelihood shortly after delivery.
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The fringelike projections, called fimbriae, are located in the ampulla of the uterine tubes.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fimbriae are located at the infundibulum, not the ampulla.
If a woman with flat nipples has started using a nipple shield while breastfeeding but the infant is not gaining adequate weight, the nurse should advise the woman to
- A. provide supplemental bottle feedings
- B. use the nipple shield for only 1 or 2 minutes
- C. stop breastfeeding
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Supplementation ensures adequate nutrition until effective breastfeeding is established.
Failure of closure of the cranial neural pore causes:
- A. Anencephaly
- B. Hydrocephaly
- C. Hydrocephalus
- D. Chiari malformation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The failure of closure of the cranial neural pore leads to anencephaly due to the incomplete development of the brain and skull. This results in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp. Hydrocephaly (B) is the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricles, not caused by the cranial neural pore closure. Hydrocephalus (C) is the same as hydrocephaly. Chiari malformation (D) is a condition where brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, unrelated to the cranial neural pore closure.
The myometrium of the uterus responds to which hormone?
- A. Prostaglandins and oxytocin
- B. Progesterone and estrogen
- C. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E
- D. Progesterone and testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prostaglandins and oxytocin. Prostaglandins and oxytocin are the primary hormones that stimulate contractions in the myometrium of the uterus during labor. Progesterone and estrogen (choice B) are involved in the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy, not in uterine contractions. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E (choice C) have roles in labor but are not the primary hormones that directly act on the myometrium. Progesterone and testosterone (choice D) do not directly influence uterine contractions.
Why might salpingitis cause infertility?
- A. The ovaries will not produce an ovum.
- B. It can cause obstruction of the lumen and marked dilation at the end of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering the uterine tube.
- C. The uterus is prevented from forming a protective sac for the ovum.
- D. It causes a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is needed to release the ovum from the ovaries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salpingitis can cause obstruction of the uterine tube, preventing the ovum from entering and leading to infertility.