Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast

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Which concern is included in the plan of care for the patient who receives HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine?

  • A. It is available in oral form.
  • B. It involves a series of two injections.
  • C. Injections should be given over a 3-month perio
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the HPV vaccine is typically administered in a series of injections over a 6-month period, not 3 months as stated in the question. This timeframe is important to ensure the patient receives the full benefit of the vaccine. Choice A is incorrect because the HPV vaccine is not available in oral form. Choice B is incorrect as the HPV vaccine series usually consists of two or three injections, not just two. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide any relevant information.

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The mammary glands are essential organs of reproduction in women.

  • A. TRUE
  • B. FALSE
  • C. NA
  • D. NA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: While important, mammary glands are not considered essential organs of reproduction.

When palpating the uterus after delivery, it is necessary to

  • A. support the lower uterine segment
  • B. support the upper uterine segment
  • C. press down firmly with both hands
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Supporting the lower segment prevents uterine inversion during palpation.

The physician diagnoses a 3-cm cyst in the ovary of a 28-year-old patient. You expect the initial treatment to include

  • A. initiating hormone therapy.
  • B. scheduling a laparoscopy to remove the cyst.
  • C. examining the patient after her next menstrual perio
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because examining the patient after her next menstrual period allows for monitoring the cyst's size and nature. This approach is conservative and avoids unnecessary interventions like hormone therapy or surgery. Monitoring the cyst over time can help determine if it is benign or requires further treatment. Initiating hormone therapy (choice A) is not necessary at this point and may not address the cyst. Scheduling a laparoscopy to remove the cyst (choice B) is invasive and premature without first observing the cyst's behavior. Waiting for the next menstrual period allows for a more informed decision-making process based on the cyst's response to hormonal changes.

Characteristics of jitteriness include

  • A. ocular deviations
  • B. clonic jerking with fast and slow elements
  • C. increased heart rate
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Jitteriness involves rhythmic tremors, distinct from seizures, and can occur in newborns.

The inner part of the intervertebral disc is called the:

  • A. Nucleus fibrosus
  • B. Annulus fibrosus
  • C. Nucleus pulposus
  • D. Annulus pulposus
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nucleus pulposus. The nucleus pulposus is the inner gel-like core of the intervertebral disc that provides cushioning and flexibility. It consists of water, proteoglycans, and cells. The annulus fibrosus (choice B) is the outer ring of tough fibrous tissue surrounding the nucleus pulposus. Nucleus fibrosus (choice A) and Annulus pulposus (choice D) are not anatomically correct terms and do not describe the inner part of the intervertebral disc.

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