Nokea
Menstruation occurs because the:
- A. Hormone stimulation from the corpus luteum ceases.
- B. Blood vessels in the uterine lining become too long and twisted.
- C. Corpus luteum increases estrogen and progesterone production.
- D. Ovum has been passed from the woman's body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the corpus luteum degenerates, progesterone and estrogen levels drop, causing the uterine lining to shed.
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Which characteristic best describes the levator ani?
- A. Division of the fallopian tube
- B. Collection of three pairs of muscles
- C. Imaginary line that divides the true pelvis and false pelvis
- D. Basin-shaped structure at the lower end of the spine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Collection of three pairs of muscles. The levator ani is a group of muscles in the pelvis that includes the puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus muscles. These muscles provide support to the pelvic organs and play a role in bowel and bladder control. The other choices are incorrect because the levator ani is not related to the fallopian tube (A), an imaginary line dividing the true and false pelvis (C), or a basin-shaped structure at the lower end of the spine (D).
Which treatment option minimizes the development of lymphedema in the surgical management of a patient with breast cancer?
- A. Radical mastectomy procedure
- B. Radiation therapy
- C. Sentinel lymph node mapping
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sentinel lymph node mapping. This procedure helps identify and remove only the lymph nodes most likely to contain cancer cells, reducing the risk of lymphedema. A: Radical mastectomy is an extensive surgery that may increase the risk of lymphedema. B: Radiation therapy can also contribute to lymphedema. D: Ultrasound is not a treatment option for minimizing lymphedema in breast cancer surgery. Therefore, C is the best choice for minimizing the development of lymphedema.
Women may experience exacerbation of autoimmune disorders, such as lupus erythematosus, after labor and delivery because
- A. the woman's immune system is no longer suppressed
- B. the woman is in a weakened condition
- C. the woman is experiencing increased stress and anxiety
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immune suppression lifts postpartum, potentially triggering autoimmune flares.
The CARE principles applied to the care of a pregnant woman refer to (C) communication, (A) advocate, (R) respect, and (E)
- A. enable
- B. educate
- C. engage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enable emphasizes empowering women to make informed decisions about their care.
The normal testicular temperature necessary for its optimal functioning is around _______ below the normal body temperature:
- A. 2-3°C
- B. 4-5°C
- C. 33-36°C
- D. 31-34°C
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 2-3°C below the normal body temperature. Testicles need to be slightly cooler than the body's normal temperature for optimal functioning. This slight decrease in temperature helps in maintaining the viability of sperm production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a greater deviation from the body's normal temperature would be detrimental to sperm production. B: 4-5°C is too much of a decrease, while C: 33-36°C and D: 31-34°C are higher than the normal body temperature, which would hinder sperm production.