Nokea
Which patient is most likely to develop osteoporosis?
- A. A 50-year-old patient on estrogen therapy
- B. A 55-year-old patient with a sedentary lifestyle
- C. A 65-year-old patient who walks 2 miles each day
- D. A 60-year-old patient who takes supplemental calcium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osteoporosis is more common in individuals with sedentary lifestyles due to decreased bone density from lack of weight-bearing exercise. Choice A on estrogen therapy may have lower risk. Choice C, who exercises, has a reduced risk. Choice D with calcium intake may help prevent osteoporosis but not as effective as weight-bearing exercise.
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Erection of the penis occurs when:
- A. Blood is trapped within the organ's spongy tissue.
- B. Warmth allows relaxation of the perineal muscles.
- C. The number of spermatozoa reaches 250 million in the testes.
- D. The cremaster muscle relaxes on each side.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erection occurs when blood fills the spongy tissue of the penis, becoming trapped and causing rigidity.
Dichorionic-diamniotic twins result from separation of embryonic cells at the:
- A. Four-cell stage
- B. Blastocyst stage
- C. Implantation stage
- D. Trilaminar disc stage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Four-cell stage. Dichorionic-diamniotic twins occur when the embryo splits into two separate embryos very early in development, typically at the four-cell stage. At this stage, each embryo will have its own chorion and amnion, leading to separate placentas and amniotic sacs. Choices B, C, and D occur later in development and do not result in the formation of two separate embryos with their own chorion and amnion, making them incorrect for the scenario of dichorionic-diamniotic twins.
The infantile form of Tay-Sachs disease is classified as a
- A. chromosomal abnormality
- B. blood disorder
- C. metabolic defect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tay-Sachs is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by enzyme deficiency.
Sticky, greenish black stool is considered characteristic of
- A. a newborn infant
- B. a breastfed infant
- C. a formula fed infant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meconium, the first stool of a newborn, is sticky and greenish-black.
The fringelike projections, called fimbriae, are located in the ampulla of the uterine tubes.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fimbriae are located at the infundibulum, not the ampulla.