Nokea
The fetal/neonatal lung substance that improves pulmonary compliance by decreasing alveolar surface tension is
- A. meconium
- B. prostaglandin
- C. surfactant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surfactant is a substance produced in the lungs that decreases alveolar surface tension, improving pulmonary compliance and preventing lung collapse.
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Which treatment option minimizes the development of lymphedema in the surgical management of a patient with breast cancer?
- A. Radical mastectomy procedure
- B. Radiation therapy
- C. Sentinel lymph node mapping
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sentinel lymph node mapping. This procedure helps identify and remove only the lymph nodes most likely to contain cancer cells, reducing the risk of lymphedema. A: Radical mastectomy is an extensive surgery that may increase the risk of lymphedema. B: Radiation therapy can also contribute to lymphedema. D: Ultrasound is not a treatment option for minimizing lymphedema in breast cancer surgery. Therefore, C is the best choice for minimizing the development of lymphedema.
If a new mother presents with irritation of the nipple and verbalizes discomfort during breastfeeding, it is most likely that the infant is
- A. latching to both the nipple and the areola
- B. latching only to the nipple, with the nipple ending at the infant's soft palate
- C. latching only to the nipple, with the nipple ending at the infant's hard palate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improper latch leads to nipple pain and ineffective feeding.
The part of the vulva that is composed of erectile tissue and is located just behind the junction of the labia minora is called the:
- A. Mons pubis
- B. Clitoris
- C. Urinary meatus
- D. Labia majora
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The clitoris is composed of erectile tissue and is located just behind the junction of the labia minora.
Women may experience exacerbation of autoimmune disorders, such as lupus erythematosus, after labor and delivery because
- A. the woman's immune system is no longer suppressed
- B. the woman is in a weakened condition
- C. the woman is experiencing increased stress and anxiety
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immune suppression lifts postpartum, potentially triggering autoimmune flares.
Which of the following ligaments that support the uterus is a single ligament?
- A. Broad
- B. Posterior
- C. Round
- D. Uterosacral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The posterior ligament is a single ligament supporting the uterus.