Clinical practice that is consistent with established recommendations or standards is best characterized by
- B. recommendations that are used to standardize patient care based on evidence-based guidelines
- C. standards that are based on methods that have proven effective over a substantial period of time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence-based guidelines are used to standardize patient care and ensure consistency in clinical practice.
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Perineal pain in the first 4-6 hours after vaginal delivery are initially managed with
- A. oral analgesic medications
- B. ice packs to the perineum
- C. frequent perineal pad changes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ice packs are effective in reducing swelling and providing relief from perineal pain immediately after delivery.
Before the nurse encourages this patient to begin annual screening, it is important for her to understand the reasons why women avoid testing. These reasons include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fear of x-ray exposure
- B. Expense of the procedure
- C. Reluctance to hear bad news
- D. Having heard that the test is painful
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expense of the procedure. This is correct because cost can be a significant barrier to healthcare access, including screening tests. Women may avoid testing due to financial constraints.
A: Fear of x-ray exposure is not typically a reason for avoiding annual screening, as modern screening methods use minimal radiation.
C: Reluctance to hear bad news may be a concern, but it is not a common reason for avoiding testing altogether.
D: Having heard that the test is painful is not a typical reason for avoiding annual screening, as most screening tests are not painful.
The infantile form of Tay-Sachs disease is classified as a
- A. chromosomal abnormality
- B. blood disorder
- C. metabolic defect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tay-Sachs is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by enzyme deficiency.
Ineffective or shallow infant latch with breastfeeding may lead to increased
- A. reflux in the infant
- B. milk let-down
- C. nipple pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Poor latch can cause nipple pain and damage, making breastfeeding uncomfortable for the mother.
Which of the following is not a function of the ovary?
- A. It produces estrogen.
- B. It produces ova.
- C. It produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
- D. All of the above are functions of the ovary.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ovary does not produce FSH; this hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary.