Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast

Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast Related

Review Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Breast related questions and content

The bone cell type that breaks down the bone matrix is:

  • A. Osteocytes
  • B. Osteoclasts
  • C. Osteoblasts
  • D. Osteoprogenitor
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are bone cells responsible for breaking down the bone matrix through a process called bone resorption. They secrete enzymes and acids that dissolve the mineralized matrix, allowing for bone remodeling and repair. Osteocytes (A) are mature bone cells that help maintain bone tissue. Osteoblasts (C) are responsible for bone formation by synthesizing new bone matrix. Osteoprogenitor cells (D) are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts. Therefore, the correct answer is B as osteoclasts specifically break down the bone matrix.

You may also like to solve these questions

A mother who gives birth by cesarean delivery is encouraged to

  • A. ambulate as soon as possible after delivery
  • B. delay seeing her infant until she is no longer requiring pain medications
  • C. take shallow, purse-lip breaths to minimize pain
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Early ambulation helps prevent complications like DVT and promotes recovery.

If a pregnant woman at 38-weeks of gestation complains of dizziness when lying flat, the most likely cause is

  • A. hyperventilation and shortness of breath
  • B. nutritional imbalance
  • C. supine hypotensive syndrome
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when the gravid uterus compresses the inferior vena cava.

The middle school nurse is reviewing the phases of the endometrial cycle with a group of female students. Which statement by a student will the nurse need to correct?

  • A. The proliferative phase occurs when the ovum is maturing.
  • B. The expulsion phase occurs when the ovum is discharged from the ovary.
  • C. The secretory phase occurs during the second half of the menstrual cycl
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The proliferative phase occurs before ovulation when the endometrium thickens to prepare for implantation. This is not directly related to the maturation of the ovum. The other choices are incorrect because: B refers to ovulation, not expulsion of the ovum; C correctly states the secretory phase timing; D is incomplete.

The myometrium of the uterus responds to which hormone?

  • A. Prostaglandins and oxytocin
  • B. Progesterone and estrogen
  • C. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E
  • D. Progesterone and testosterone
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prostaglandins and oxytocin. Prostaglandins and oxytocin are the primary hormones that stimulate contractions in the myometrium of the uterus during labor. Progesterone and estrogen (choice B) are involved in the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy, not in uterine contractions. Oxytocin, relaxin, and prostaglandin E (choice C) have roles in labor but are not the primary hormones that directly act on the myometrium. Progesterone and testosterone (choice D) do not directly influence uterine contractions.

Sticky, greenish black stool is considered characteristic of

  • A. a newborn infant
  • B. a breastfed infant
  • C. a formula fed infant
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Meconium, the first stool of a newborn, is sticky and greenish-black.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.