Nokea
Preservative of sewage is called-
- A. chloroform
- B. haloform
- C. formalin
- D. all
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Formalin is commonly used as a preservative for sewage samples.
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Which of the following data sources are best able to provide numerator data for the calculation of incidence of death by gunshot?
- A. Hospital discharge survey
- B. Autopsy or coroners' records
- C. National Health Survey
- D. Disease registries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autopsy or coroner's records provide direct evidence of gunshot-related fatalities, essential for calculating incidence.
The measure of central location most commonly used with the interquartile range is the:
- A. Arithmetic mean
- B. Geometric mean
- C. Median
- D. Midrange
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The median is typically paired with the IQR to summarize data.
Health education on early diagnosis and treatment is
- A. primary prevention
- B. secondary prevention
- C. tertiary prevention
- D. primordial prevention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to halt or slow the progression of disease.
Should the case definition for surveillance match the clinical case definition?
- A. True.
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surveillance and clinical case definitions may differ because they serve different purposes; clinical definitions focus on treatment, while surveillance definitions optimize detection.
When analyzing surveillance data by age, which age groups are preferred?
- A. 1-year age groups
- B. 5-year age groups
- C. 10-year age groups
- D. Depends on the disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The choice of age grouping depends on the disease being studied and the population structure.