Nokea
Preservative of sewage is called-
- A. chloroform
- B. haloform
- C. formalin
- D. all
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Formalin is commonly used as a preservative for sewage samples.
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Should the case definition for surveillance match the clinical case definition?
- A. True.
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surveillance and clinical case definitions may differ because they serve different purposes; clinical definitions focus on treatment, while surveillance definitions optimize detection.
Ergonomics is related to
- A. Economics
- B. Agriculture
- C. Engineering means to reduce occupational hazards
- D. Agricultural economics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ergonomics involves engineering principles to design workspaces and tools that reduce occupational hazards.
Define the following terms: Pharmacoepidemiology
- A. The study of the uses and effects of drugs in large populations.
- B. The study of neurological disorders in populations.
- C. The study of oral health diseases in populations.
- D. The study of kidney diseases in populations.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacoepidemiology focuses on the use and effects of drugs across large populations, assessing risks and benefits.
Which of the following is not a method to control for the effects of confounding?
- A. Randomization
- B. Stratification
- C. Matching
- D. Blinding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blinding primarily reduces information bias, not confounding. Methods like randomization, stratification, and matching are specifically used to address confounding.
Health education on early diagnosis and treatment is
- A. primary prevention
- B. secondary prevention
- C. tertiary prevention
- D. primordial prevention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to halt or slow the progression of disease.