Nokea
Prior to administering a drug used to treat anemia, the nurse should assess a client's vital signs, ability to carry out activities of daily living, and general appearance, and for the presence of which of the following other general symptoms? Select all that apply.
- A. Fatigue
- B. Pallor
- C. Headache
- D. Shortness of breath
- E. Sore tongue
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Prior to administering a drug used to treat anemia, the nurse should assess a client's vital signs, client's ability to carry out activities of daily living, and client's general appearance, and for the presence of other general symptoms including fatigue, shortness of breath, sore tongue, headache, and pallor.
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A nurse should encourage a client with megaloblastic anemia to eat which of the following foods, as they are rich in folate? Select all that apply.
- A. Collard greens
- B. Grapes
- C. Wheat bread
- D. Salmon
- E. Chicken
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: A deficiency of folic acid (folate) results in megaloblastic anemia, and the nurse should encourage a client to eat foods rich in folic acid including leafy green vegetables (collard greens), fish (salmon), meat, poultry (chicken), and whole grains (wheat bread).
A nurse is providing care to a client experiencing hematologic failure. The nurse understands that this can include which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Anemia
- B. Bleeding
- C. Hypertension
- D. Infection
- E. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Hematologic failure results when inadequate numbers of blood cells are produced, leading to decreased oxygen transportation, blood coagulation, or inability for the body to prevent the invasion of microorganisms, which can lead to anemia, bleeding, and infection.
A client receives filgrastim to treat neutropenia associated with chemotherapy. The nurse monitors the client's absolute neutrophil count (ANC). The nurse anticipates stopping the drug when the ANC reaches which level?
- A. 2500/mm³
- B. 5000/mm³
- C. 7500/mm³
- D. 10000/mm³
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Injections of the CSF filgrastim are started at least 24 hours after the completion of a cycle of chemotherapy. The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is monitored and therapy is continued until an ANC count of at least 10,000/mm³ is achieved.
A nurse is administering darbepoetin alfa to a client. The nurse checks the client's hemoglobin level carefully during the administration based on the understanding that polycythemia can occur, leading to which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Increased mortality
- B. Tumor progression
- C. Severe hypotension
- D. Thromboembolic events
- E. Cardiovascular events
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Polycythemia is an overload of erythrocytes that can result in increased mortality, serious cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, and possible tumor progression in clients with cancer.
A nurse might administer epoetin alfa to a client with which type of anemia? Select all that apply.
- A. Anemia of chronic kidney disease
- B. Iron deficiency anemia
- C. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
- D. Anemia caused by cancer chemotherapy
- E. Anemia caused by zidovudine (AZT) therapy
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, like epoetin alfa, are used for anemia associated with the following: chronic kidney disease, cancer chemotherapy, zidovudine (AZT) therapy, and post-surgical replacement in place of allogeneic transfusions.