Nokea
Prior to administering an antihyperlipidemic drug to a client, which of the following would the nurse assess?
- A. Dietary history
- B. Vital signs
- C. Blood glucose
- D. Weight
- E. Input and output
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Before administering an antihyperlipidemic drug, the nurse would assess a lipid profile, liver function tests, dietary history, vital signs, and weight and inspect for xanthomas.
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A nurse is conducting a community presentation on heart disease, cholesterol, and risk factors. The nurse determines that the class has been successful when the class identifies which of the following as true?
- A. Low-fat diet raises LDL cholesterol levels
- B. Being overweight causes HDL levels to go up
- C. Physical activity raises HDL cholesterol levels
- D. Excess body weight causes LDL cholesterol to go down
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Saturated fat and cholesterol in the food raises total and LDL cholesterol levels. Being overweight can make LDL cholesterol levels go up and HDL levels go down. Increased physical activity helps to lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol levels.
A client is prescribed nicotinic acid. When teaching the client about this drug, which of the following would the nurse include as a normal skin reaction that may occur?
- A. Flushing
- B. Sensations of warmth
- C. Tuggling
- D. Rash
- E. Pustule formation
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Generalized skin flushing, a sensation of warmth, and severe itching and tingling can occur with the administration of nicotinic acid, especially at higher doses.
A client is starting cholestyramine therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. When teaching the client about possible adverse reactions, which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Malabsorption of vitamin K
- C. Aggravation of hemorrhoids
- D. Flatulence
- E. Myopathy
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Adverse reactions reported with the use of bile acid resins, such as cholestyramine, include constipation (that can become severe), aggravation of hemorrhoids, abdominal cramps, flatulence, nausea, increased bleeding related to vitamin K malabsorption, and vitamin A and D deficiencies.
The nurse is reviewing a client's medical record for predisposing factors for myopathy requiring that the client be started on low doses of statins and titrated as tolerated or until cholesterol goals are met. Which of the following would the nurse identify as one of these factors?
- A. Asian descent
- B. Severe renal insufficiency
- C. Use of antihistamines
- D. Use of cyclosporine
- E. Cigarette smoking
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Predisposing factors for myopathy with statin therapy include Asian descent, severe renal insufficiency, and use of cyclosporine.
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge. The client is prescribed antihyperlipidemic drug therapy. The nurse would include which of the following in the discharge teaching?
- A. Reason for taking the prescribed drug
- B. Drug name
- C. Correct dose
- D. Frequency of administration
- E. Dosage form
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The nurse should review the reasons for the drug and prescribed therapy, including drug name, form and method of preparation, correct dose, and frequency of administration, as part of a client's discharge counseling.