Nclex Nutrition Practice Questions

Nclex Nutrition Practice Questions Related

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Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be responsible for the increased incidence of noma and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) because these conditions are associated with depressed immune responses caused by nutritional deficiencies.

  • A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
  • B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
  • C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
  • D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The corrected question highlights that protein-energy malnutrition weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to conditions like noma and NUG, which are linked to compromised immunity. Choice A is correct because the statement and reason are both accurate and directly related. Protein-energy malnutrition does result in depressed immune responses, which can predispose individuals to noma and NUG. Choice B is incorrect because the statement and reason are indeed related. Choice C is incorrect as both the statement and reason are accurate. Choice D is also incorrect as the statement is correct and directly supports the reason provided.

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Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.

  • A. Both statements are true
  • B. Both statements are false
  • C. The first statement is true; the second is false
  • D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.

For a patient on a ketogenic diet, which macronutrient is primarily increased?

  • A. Carbohydrates
  • B. Protein
  • C. Fats
  • D. Fiber
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fats. A ketogenic diet is characterized by high fat intake, moderate protein intake, and very low carbohydrate intake. This diet aims to shift the body's metabolism to use fat as the primary source of energy instead of carbohydrates. Increasing fat intake while reducing carbohydrates is essential for achieving and maintaining a state of ketosis. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the macronutrient adjustments required for a ketogenic diet.

What is the primary function of antioxidants in the diet?

  • A. Provide energy
  • B. Support muscle growth
  • C. Neutralize free radicals
  • D. Increase blood sugar
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of antioxidants in the diet is to neutralize free radicals. Free radicals can cause cellular damage, leading to various chronic diseases. Antioxidants help combat this oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because antioxidants do not provide energy, support muscle growth, or increase blood sugar; their main role is in combating oxidative stress.

What is the function of the gallbladder?

  • A. to store bile
  • B. to produce bile
  • C. to digest bile
  • D. to modify bile to a liquid form
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "to store bile." The gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile produced by the liver. It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Choice B is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the gallbladder does not digest bile but stores and releases it for digestion. Choice D is incorrect because bile is already in liquid form; the gallbladder does not modify it to a liquid state.

Which nutrient has the highest satiety value?

  • A. Complex carbohydrates
  • B. High-quality protein
  • C. Low-quality protein
  • D. Fat
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fat has the highest satiety value among the listed nutrients. It slows down digestion, stays in the stomach longer, and provides a sustained release of energy, leading to increased feelings of fullness and satisfaction. Complex carbohydrates can also contribute to satiety, but fat generally has a stronger effect. High-quality protein is important for satiety as well, but it is generally not as filling as fat. Low-quality protein does not have as significant satiating effects as high-quality protein or fat.

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