Nokea
Pulsus paradoxus is associated with
- A. pericarditis
- B. endocarditis
- C. rheumatic fever
- D. myocarditis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulsus paradoxus is commonly associated with pericardial diseases such as constrictive pericarditis.
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Which occurs in septic shock?
- A. Hypothermia
- B. Increased cardiac output
- C. Vasoconstriction
- D. Angioneurotic edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased cardiac output, which results in warm, flushed skin, is one of the manifestations of septic shock. Fever and chills are characteristic of septic shock. Vasodilation is more common than vasoconstriction. Angioneurotic edema occurs as a manifestation in anaphylactic shock.
Proximal renal tubular functions include:
- A. HCO3 secretion
- B. Sodium reabsorption
- C. Ammonia production
- D. Urine concentration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium reabsorption
Regarding hand innervation:
- A. Median nerve supplies all thenar muscles except adductor pollicis
- B. The sensory supply to the dorsal surface of the medial two digits is via the radial nerve
- C. In ulnar nerve damage at the elbow there is sensory loss over the medial aspect of forearm proximal to the wrist
- D. Radial nerve provides the sensory innervation to the terminal areas of the dorsal surfaces of the lateral three digits
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The median nerve innervates most thenar muscles, except for the adductor pollicis, which is supplied by the ulnar nerve.
Azathioprine:
- A. Is a prodrug
- B. Is teratogenic
- C. Should be avoided in liver disease
- D. Dose should be increased when given with allopurinol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Azathioprine is a prodrug. It is not highly teratogenic, can be used in liver disease with caution, and its dose should be reduced with allopurinol.
The healthcare provider prescribes an IV solution of regular insulin (Hummulin-R) 100 units in 250 ml of 0.45% saline to infuse at 12 units/hour. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many ml/hour?
- A. 30
- B. 3
- C. 40
- D. 15
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the infusion rate in ml/hour, the nurse needs to divide the prescribed units per hour by the concentration of insulin. 12 units/hour ÷ (100 units/250 ml) = 30 ml/hour.