Nokea
Pupil dilatation occurs with:
- A. neostigmine
- B. cocaine
- C. atenolol
- D. codeine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cocaine causes pupil dilation (mydriasis) by inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake, leading to increased sympathetic activity. Neostigmine, atenolol, and codeine do not cause pupil dilation.
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The patient works on a computer 8 hours each day. What kind of repetitive strain injury would be expected in this patient?
- A. Meniscus injury
- B. Rotator cuff injury
- C. Radial-ulnar fracture
- D. Carpal tunnel syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common repetitive strain injury associated with prolonged computer use.
The male client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis states he has been investigating alternative therapies to treat his disease. Which intervention is most appropriate by the nurse?
- A. Encourage the therapy if it is not contraindicated by the medical regimen.
- B. Tell the client only the health-care provider should discuss this with him.
- C. Ask how his significant other feels about this deviation from the medical regimen.
- D. Suggest the client research an investigational therapy instead.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging alternative therapies that are safe and not contraindicated can empower the client and support their autonomy in managing their condition.
Patients who work in settings that require repetition of the same hand movements over a long period of time have an increased risk for which of the following disorders?
- A. Osteomyelitis.
- B. Osteoporosis.
- C. Carpal tunnel syndrome.
- D. Fracture of the overused area.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Repetitive strain can lead to median nerve compression causing carpal tunnel syndrome.
A 71-year-old patient has had PD for 8 years and is currently taking pramipexole 1.5 mg three times a day and carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg four times a day. His wife claims that he is complaining of seeing spiders and bugs running across the floor and imaginary children in their house. The first thing to do is:
- A. Increase the pramipexole dose.
- B. Reduce the pramipexole dose.
- C. Increase the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
- D. Reduce the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations in PD patients are often a side effect of dopamine agonists like pramipexole. Reducing the dose can help alleviate these symptoms.
The Broca's area is located in the lobe:
- A. frontal
- B. parietal
- C. temporal
- D. occipital
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frontal lobe is the correct answer because Broca's area, which is responsible for speech production and language processing, is located in the posterior part of the frontal lobe, typically in the left hemisphere. Damage to this area results in Broca's aphasia, characterized by non-fluent speech and difficulty forming sentences.