The medilla oblongata:
- A. lies between the midbrain and pons
- B. has only one cranial nerve emerging from it (the trigeminal nerve)
- C. has pyramids lateral to the olives
- D. passes through the foramen magnum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medulla oblongata passes through the foramen magnum and connects the brainstem to the spinal cord. It contains vital centers for regulating heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with new-onset angina also has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Her husband tells you that he rarely gets a good night's sleep because he needs to be sure she does not wander during the night. He insists on checking each of the medications you give her to be sure they are the same as the ones she takes at home. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Decreased Cardiac Output related to poor myocardial contractility
- B. Caregiver Role Strain related to continuous need for providing care
- C. Risk for Falls related to patient wandering behavior during the night
- D. Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management related to poor patient memory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The caregiver's strain is evident from his description of needing to constantly monitor the patient.
Which patient should be assigned to the traveling nurse, new to neurologic nursing care, who has been on the neurologic unit for 1 week?
- A. A 34-year-old patient newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS)
- B. A 68-year-old patient with chronic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
- C. A 56-year-old patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in respiratory distress
- D. A 25-year-old patient admitted with C4 level spinal cord injury (SCI)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A newly diagnosed MS patient would likely have stable conditions and be appropriate for a less experienced nurse.
Within what approximate time frame does necrosis (cell death) occur because of lack of blood, oxygen, and glucose supplied to the brain?
- A. at least 30 minutes
- B. 20-25 minutes
- C. 12-18 minutes
- D. 4-10 minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Necrosis, or cell death, can occur within 4-10 minutes of interrupted blood flow to the brain. This underscores the importance of rapid intervention during a stroke to minimize brain damage and improve outcomes.
A 71-year-old patient has had PD for 8 years and is currently taking pramipexole 1.5 mg three times a day and carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg four times a day. His wife claims that he is complaining of seeing spiders and bugs running across the floor and imaginary children in their house. The first thing to do is:
- A. Increase the pramipexole dose.
- B. Reduce the pramipexole dose.
- C. Increase the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
- D. Reduce the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations in PD patients are often a side effect of dopamine agonists like pramipexole. Reducing the dose can help alleviate these symptoms.
You are caring for a patient who has just had open carpal tunnel release surgery. The surgeon has requested that the patient's hand and arm remain elevated above the level of the heart after the surgery. This is to
- A. Reduce lymphatic drainage.
- B. Reduce postoperative swelling.
- C. Restrict hand movements.
- D. Decrease possibility of nosocomial infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevation reduces swelling by improving venous and lymphatic return.