Endocrine System Test Questions

Endocrine System Test Questions Related

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Quinidine is a drug used for arrhythmias. One of its properties is strong postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking activity. What side effect would you expect as a result of this property?

  • A. Absence or at least decrease of lacrimal and mucus secretions
  • B. Dilated pupils that don’t constrict in bright light
  • C. Reduced blood pressure, hypotension
  • D. Skeletal muscle tremors
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduced blood pressure, hypotension. Quinidine's strong postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking activity would result in decreased activation of these receptors, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure, which can cause hypotension. Choice A is incorrect because lacrimal and mucus secretions are not directly affected by alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking. Choice B is incorrect as dilated pupils are more associated with alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blockade. Choice D is incorrect as skeletal muscle tremors are not a typical side effect of alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking.

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What assessment findings, specific to the endocrine glands, should a nurse observe while inspecting the skin of a client during a physical examination?

  • A. Skin breaks that heal quickly
  • B. Excessive hair growth or loss
  • C. Increased thickness
  • D. Rashes with no underlying cause
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Excessive hair growth or loss can be indicative of endocrine imbalances, such as those seen in conditions like hyperthyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Which is not a function of the hypothalamus?

  • A. Affect heart rate
  • B. Control temperature
  • C. Affect water balance
  • D. Secrete FSH
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Secrete FSH. The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulate the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones such as FSH. The hypothalamus itself does not secrete FSH. A, B, and C are functions of the hypothalamus as it is involved in regulating heart rate, temperature control, and water balance through various hormonal and neural pathways.

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

  • A. It causes the excretion of calcium in the urine.
  • B. It stimulates osteoblastic activity to form bone.
  • C. It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin.
  • D. It increases plasma levels of calcium.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: It increases plasma levels of calcium. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts to increase calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from bones, enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium excretion in the kidneys. This process helps maintain proper calcium levels in the blood. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because PTH does not cause the excretion of calcium in the urine (A), stimulate osteoblastic activity to form bone (B), or stimulate the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin (C).

Virilization is characterized by:

  • A. excess facial hair.
  • B. buffalo hump.
  • C. truncal obesity.
  • D. gonadal atrophy.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: excess facial hair. Virilization refers to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics in females due to increased androgen levels. Excess facial hair, known as hirsutism, is a classic sign of virilization. Buffalo hump (B) and truncal obesity (C) are associated with Cushing's syndrome, not virilization. Gonadal atrophy (D) refers to the shrinkage of the gonads and is not a typical feature of virilization.

When providing discharge instructions to a patient who had a subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism, what should the nurse teach the patient?

  • A. Never miss a daily dose of thyroid replacement therapy.
  • B. Avoid regular exercise until thyroid function is normalized.
  • C. Use warm saltwater gargles several times a day to relieve throat pain.
  • D. Substantially reduce caloric intake compared to what was eaten before surgery.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: After thyroidectomy, patients will need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy, so it is critical to ensure they understand the importance of not missing doses.

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