Nokea
Receptors for steroid hormones are found .
- A. on nutrient molecules, such as glucose
- B. in the interstitial fluid
- C. in the cytoplasm of the cells of target tissues
- D. in the cell membranes of target tissues
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because steroid hormones are lipid-soluble and can diffuse through cell membranes. Once inside the cell, they bind to specific receptors in the cytoplasm. This hormone-receptor complex then enters the nucleus to regulate gene expression. Option A is incorrect because steroid hormone receptors are not found on nutrient molecules like glucose. Option B is incorrect as these receptors are not typically located in the interstitial fluid. Option D is also incorrect because steroid hormone receptors are not located on the cell membranes of target tissues.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which row shows the correct label for each endocrine gland and the hormone that the gland secretes?
- A. adrenal, adrenaline, ovary, insulin
- B. adrenal, adrenaline, pancreas, insulin
- C. pancreas, insulin, adrenal, adrenaline
- D. ovary, insulin, pancreas, adrenaline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it accurately pairs the endocrine glands with their corresponding hormones. The adrenal gland secretes adrenaline, and the pancreas secretes insulin. Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal gland, not the ovary, making choices A and D incorrect. The pancreas secretes insulin, not adrenaline, making choice C incorrect. In summary, choice B is correct because it correctly matches the adrenal gland with adrenaline and the pancreas with insulin, while the other choices mix up the glands and hormones.
Iodination of thyroid hormones is mediated by __________.
- A. lysosomes in the cell
- B. the Golgi apparatus
- C. colloid endocytosis
- D. peroxidase enzymes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: peroxidase enzymes. Peroxidase enzymes are responsible for catalyzing the iodination process of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland. They facilitate the incorporation of iodine atoms into tyrosine residues within thyroglobulin to form thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Lysosomes (choice A) are involved in cellular waste disposal, not iodination. The Golgi apparatus (choice B) is responsible for processing and packaging proteins, not iodination. Colloid endocytosis (choice C) is the process of internalizing colloid-containing vesicles in thyroid follicular cells, but it is not directly involved in iodination.
Addie has recently been diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The symptoms for which the primary care provider most likely tested the patient include:
- A. Buffalo hump, moon facies, and central obesity.
- B. Diarrhea, confusion, and exophthalmos.
- C. Weight loss, low blood pressure, and tachycardia.
- D. Nausea, low hemoglobin, and shortness of breath.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome is characterized by physical features such as buffalo hump, moon facies (round face), and central obesity due to excess cortisol production.
What characteristic is related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
- A. Enlarged thyroid gland
- B. Viral-induced hyperthyroidism
- C. Bacterial or fungal infection of thyroid gland
- D. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis with antibody destruction of thyroid tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies attack and destroy thyroid tissue, leading to hypothyroidism.
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) is produced by cells of the ___.
- A. kidney tubules.
- B. right atrium of the heart.
- C. adrenal cortex.
- D. pancreas.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: right atrium of the heart. Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) is produced by specialized cells in the right atrium of the heart called atrial myocytes. When the heart senses an increase in blood volume or pressure, these cells release ANH to help regulate fluid and electrolyte balance by promoting sodium and water excretion by the kidneys. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because ANH is not produced by the kidney tubules, adrenal cortex, or pancreas. The primary site of ANH production is specifically within the cardiac atria.