Nokea
Recurrent headaches in childhood are seen with:
- A. Tension headaches
- B. Migraine
- C. Sinusitis
- D. Hypermetropia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because migraine is a common cause of recurrent headaches in children. The other options (a, c, d, e) are less common or present differently.
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The following are transmitted as autosomal dominant traits:
- A. Congenital spherocytosis
- B. Vitamin D-resistant rickets
- C. CAH
- D. Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia is an autosomal dominant disorder. Congenital spherocytosis and Vitamin D-resistant rickets can also be autosomal dominant, but CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia) is typically autosomal recessive.
Among the following Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has the highest resistance to
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Clindamycin
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Doxycycline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has shown the highest resistance to erythromycin.
List FOUR other cardiac manifestations for Marfan’s syndrome, aside from aortopathy.
- A. Mitral valve prolapse/regurgitation
- B. Calcification of the mitral valve <40 years
- C. Dilation of pulmonary artery
- D. Dilation or dissection of ascending/descending aorta (<50 years old)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Marfan's syndrome may involve multiple cardiac complications including mitral valve prolapse and other structural heart abnormalities.
Which assessment indicates that the parent of a 7-year-old is following the prescribed treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF)?
- A. HR of 56 beats per minute
- B. Elevated red blood cell count
- C. 50th percentile height and weight for age
- D. Urine output of 0.5 cc/kg/hr
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal growth (50th percentile) indicates good nutrition and overall health, suggesting that CHF is well controlled.
Rett syndrome is characterised by:
- A. Social withdrawal
- B. Self-mutilation
- C. Macrocephaly
- D. Wringing hand movements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wringing hand movements are a hallmark feature of Rett syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting females.