Nokea
Regarding parathyroid glands, All the following statements are true Except:
- A. They are four small yellowish brown ovoid glands
- B. They lie in relation to the posterior border of thyroid lobes
- C. Release of its hormones is controlled by pituitary gland
- D. Its hormone controls blood calcium level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the release of hormones by the parathyroid glands is actually controlled by the levels of calcium in the blood, not by the pituitary gland.
A: True - Parathyroid glands are four small yellowish brown ovoid glands.
B: True - They lie in relation to the posterior border of thyroid lobes.
D: True - The hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, parathyroid hormone (PTH), controls blood calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and increasing the absorption of calcium from the intestines.
You may also like to solve these questions
The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because ________.
- A. it is strictly a part of the neural system and has little or nothing to do with hormonal release
- B. embryonically it was an endocrine tissue, but in the adult human it is no longer functional
- C. it is unable to function as an endocrine tissue because it is actually part of the neural system due to its location
- D. it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the neurohypophysis stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus for release into the bloodstream. The neurohypophysis does not produce its own hormones but acts as a storage and release site.
A is incorrect as the neurohypophysis does play a role in hormonal release through the release of hormones produced by the hypothalamus. B is incorrect as the neurohypophysis remains functional in adults. C is incorrect as the neurohypophysis does function as an endocrine tissue by releasing hormones into the bloodstream.
Which statement about the appliance must be correct?
- A. It does not have a live connection.
- B. It has two fuses.
- C. It has two switches.
- D. It is double-insulated.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: It is double-insulated. This is correct because double-insulated appliances have an extra layer of insulation for added safety, eliminating the need for a grounded connection. This feature protects users from electric shocks.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: It does not have a live connection - This is not necessarily true as appliances can have live connections depending on their design and function.
B: It has two fuses - While some appliances may have fuses, the number of fuses does not determine the correctness of the statement about the appliance.
C: It has two switches - The presence of two switches does not necessarily indicate the correctness of the statement about the appliance.
Which of the Following Hormones Regulate Blood Sodium and Potassium Levels in the Body?
- A. Aldosterone
- B. Cortisol
- C. Glycogens
- D. Pheromones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone is the correct answer as it specifically regulates blood sodium and potassium levels by acting on the kidneys to enhance sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion. Cortisol is a stress hormone, not directly involved in electrolyte regulation. Glycogens are stored glucose molecules, not hormones. Pheromones are chemical signals for communication, not involved in electrolyte balance.
The action of gastrin includes all EXCEPT:
- A. stimulation of insulin secretion after a carbohydrate meal
- B. stimulation of gastric acid secretion
- C. stimulation of gastric motility
- D. contraction of gastro-oesophageal junction musculature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because gastrin primarily stimulates gastric acid secretion and gastric motility, not insulin secretion. Gastrin is released in response to the presence of food in the stomach, leading to increased gastric acid production and motility to aid in digestion. Insulin secretion is mainly regulated by glucose levels in the blood and hormones like insulin and glucagon. Therefore, the stimulation of insulin secretion after a carbohydrate meal is not a direct action of gastrin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they accurately describe the actions of gastrin in the digestive system.
Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular ________.
- A. ions
- B. deactivators
- C. nucleotides
- D. second messengers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: second messengers. Protein or amino acid-based hormones are unable to pass through the cell membrane due to their large size and hydrophilic nature. Therefore, they bind to specific receptors on the cell surface, triggering a series of events that lead to the production of second messengers inside the cell. These second messengers, such as cyclic AMP or calcium ions, then transmit the hormonal signal to the target cell's interior to initiate a physiological response. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because protein or amino acid-based hormones do not directly exert their effects through ions, deactivators, or nucleotides intracellularly.