Nokea
Regarding the blood supply of the cerebral cortex
- A. Middle cerebral is contralateral arm, leg and speech areas
- B. Anterior cerebral is contralateral leg, micturition and defaecation
- C. Middle cerebral is ipsilateral arm, face and vision
- D. Posterior cerebral is ipsilateral vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial surface of the brain, including areas responsible for motor and sensory functions of the contralateral leg. It also influences micturition and defecation.
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You are caring for a patient with a recurrent glioblastoma who is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron) 4 mg IV every 6 hours to relieve symptoms of right arm weakness and headache. Which assessment information concerns you the most?
- A. The patient does not recognize family members.
- B. The blood glucose level is 234 mg/dL.
- C. The patient complains of a continued headache.
- D. The daily weight has increased 1 kg.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Changes in recognition could indicate neurological deterioration requiring immediate attention.
Following administration of 1.5 g of methocarbamol (Robaxin), which of the following statements by Mrs. Iris would inform the nurse that the medication was effective?
- A. I was thirsty after that medication.
- B. I have been urinating a lot today.
- C. Those awful muscle spasms have let up.
- D. The swelling in my leg seems to have gone down.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methocarbamol is a muscle relaxant; relief from muscle spasms indicates effectiveness.
A 24-year-old patient with a 12-year history of Becker muscular dystrophy is hospitalized with heart failure. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
- A. Feed and bathe the patient to avoid exhausting the muscle.
- B. Reposition frequently to avoid skin and respiratory complications.
- C. Provide hand weights for the patient to exercise the upper extremities.
- D. Use orthopedic braces to promote ambulation and prevent muscle wasting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent repositioning prevents complications.
Which midbrain cells are involved in general light reflexes?
- A. red nucleus
- B. superior colliculus
- C. inferior colliculus
- D. substantia nigra
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The superior colliculus in the midbrain is involved in visual processing and light reflexes. It coordinates head and eye movements in response to visual stimuli.
How is urinary function maintained during the acute phase of spinal cord injury?
- A. An indwelling catheter
- B. Intermittent catheterization
- C. Insertion of a suprapubic catheter
- D. Use of incontinent pads to protect the skin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An indwelling catheter is standard during the acute phase.