Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System related questions and content

Respiratory mechanism is controlled by

  • A. Central nervous system
  • B. Sympathetic nervous system
  • C. Parasympathetic nervous system
  • D. Autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Central nervous system. The respiratory mechanism is controlled by the brainstem, specifically the medulla oblongata and pons. These areas of the central nervous system regulate breathing by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood. The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing, while the pons helps fine-tune the breathing rate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are involved in regulating various bodily functions, they do not directly control the respiratory mechanism. The autonomic nervous system, which includes both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, plays a role in involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion, but it is not the primary controller of breathing.

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Which of the following are risk factors of laryngeal cancer?

  • A. Acute laryngitis
  • B. Tobacco use
  • C. Caffeine use
  • D. Sleep apnea
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for laryngeal cancer. A (acute laryngitis) is a temporary condition and not a risk factor. C (caffeine use) has no proven link to laryngeal cancer. D (sleep apnea) is unrelated.

The nurse is assessing a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which assessment finding indicates a potential complication and requires the nurse's immediate attention?

  • A. Distended neck veins
  • B. Left lower quadrant tenderness
  • C. Urinary output of 40 mL/hr
  • D. Excessive coughing
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Distended neck veins. This finding indicates potential right-sided heart failure, a complication of COPD called cor pulmonale. The nurse should address this immediately to prevent further deterioration. Distended neck veins suggest increased central venous pressure and impaired right heart function. Left lower quadrant tenderness (B) is unrelated to COPD. Urinary output of 40 mL/hr (C) is within normal range. Excessive coughing (D) is a common symptom of COPD but does not indicate an immediate complication.

A nurse assesses a client after a thoracentesis. Which assessment finding warrants immediate action?

  • A. The client rates pain as a 5/10 at the site of the procedure.
  • B. A small amount of drainage from the site is noted.
  • C. Pulse oximetry is 93% on 2 L of oxygen.
  • D. The trachea is shifted toward the opposite side of the neck.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the trachea shifted towards the opposite side indicates a potential pneumothorax, a serious complication following thoracentesis. Immediate action is needed to prevent respiratory distress. Choices A and B are common post-procedural findings and may not require immediate action. Choice C, while indicating hypoxemia, does not pose an immediate threat compared to a tracheal deviation.

Pulmonary ventilation also called

  • A. inhalation
  • B. exhalation
  • C. Breathing
  • D. all of these
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Breathing. Pulmonary ventilation refers to the process of breathing, which involves both inhalation and exhalation. Inhalation is the act of taking in air, while exhalation is the act of expelling air. Therefore, the term "pulmonary ventilation" encompasses both inhalation and exhalation, making choice C the correct answer. Choices A and B are incorrect because they only represent one part of the breathing process. Choice D is incorrect because it suggests that all choices are correct, which is not accurate in this context.

A male patient has a sucking stab wound to the chest. Which action should the nurse take first?

  • A. Drawing blood for a hematocrit and hemoglobin level.
  • B. Applying a dressing over the wound and taping it on three sides.
  • C. Preparing a chest tube insertion tray.
  • D. Preparing to start an I.V. line.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Applying a dressing over the wound and taping it on three sides should be done first to prevent air from entering the wound and causing a tension pneumothorax. This action helps stabilize the wound and minimizes the risk of further complications. Drawing blood for hematocrit and hemoglobin (A) is not the priority in this situation. Chest tube insertion (C) and starting an IV line (D) can be necessary interventions but are not the immediate priority in managing a sucking chest wound.

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