Chronic Illness Nursing Questions

Chronic Illness Nursing Questions Related

Review Chronic Illness Nursing Questions related questions and content

Risk factors for developing COPD include:

  • A. Seasonal respiratory conditions and family history of emphysema
  • B. Age, high fat diet and sedentary lifestyle
  • C. History of cardiovascular and autoimmune conditions
  • D. Indoor and outdoor air pollution
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: COPD risk factors center on chronic airway damage. Seasonal respiratory conditions may exacerbate, not cause, COPD, though family history of emphysema suggests genetic risk (e.g., alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency), but it's less primary than exposure. Age is a factor as lung function declines naturally, but high fat diet and sedentary lifestyle are more linked to obesity or cardiovascular disease, not directly COPD. Cardiovascular and autoimmune histories don't drive COPD etiology smoking and pollution do. Indoor (e.g., biomass smoke) and outdoor air pollution (e.g., particulates) are major irritants, causing inflammation and irreversible airflow limitation, per Deravin and Anderson (2019). Pollution's role is critical globally, especially in occupational or urban settings, outweighing secondary factors by directly triggering the chronic inflammatory cascade defining COPD pathogenesis.

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Which drug regimen in AIDS is usually used?

  • A. 2 nucleosides and nevirapine
  • B. 2 nucleosides and a protease inhibitor
  • C. 1 nucleoside, nevirapine and a protease inhibitor
  • D. A and B
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: AIDS cocktails two nucleosides plus nevirapine or protease inhibitor, both slam HIV's lifecycle. Single's weak nurses mix these chronic viral brakes.

Which of the following is NOT an early warning symptom of hypoglycaemia?

  • A. Giddiness, drowsiness
  • B. Anxiety
  • C. Tremors
  • D. Diaphoresis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Early hypoglycemia symptoms from low blood glucose (<70 mg/dL) include anxiety, tremors, diaphoresis, and palpitations adrenergic responses signaling the body's counter-regulatory effort. Giddiness and drowsiness, while possible, are neuroglycopenic symptoms appearing later as brain glucose drops further, not early warnings. Recognizing early signs allows timely intervention (e.g., glucose intake), critical in diabetes management to prevent severe outcomes like confusion or seizures. Physicians must teach patients these distinctions for effective self-care in chronic conditions.

A nurse is planning a diet for a client who is iron deficient. Which of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan?

  • A. Yogurt
  • B. Leafy green vegetables
  • C. Oranges
  • D. Cashews
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Iron deficiency craves heme leafy greens like spinach pack non-heme iron, boosting hemoglobin, a diet fix over dairy's low yield. Oranges aid absorption, not iron itself; cashews offer some, less potently. Nurses plan greens, pairing with vitamin C, a practical lift for this anemic client's blood.

Which of the following medications are appropriate for the treatment of heart failure?

  • A. Digoxin
  • B. Bronchodilators
  • C. Antibiotics
  • D. Diuretics
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Heart failure's fluid overload and pump inefficiency need diuretics they offload excess volume, easing dyspnea and edema, a cornerstone of treatment. Digoxin boosts contractility, useful in some cases, but diuretics directly tackle the hallmark issue. Bronchodilators aid breathing in lung disease, not heart failure's core. Antibiotics fight infection, irrelevant here. Diuretics' rapid impact on preload makes them essential, aligning with guideline-directed therapy, a nurse's focus for symptom relief and stability in heart failure management, outranking adjuncts like digoxin in immediate need.

The nurse is working in the emergency department and has four clients arrive at the same time. Which client should the nurse see first?

  • A. A client requesting antibiotics for a cough
  • B. A client who has a facial fracture with severe facial and oral swelling
  • C. A client who states she has not urinated in 8 hours
  • D. A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reporting increased dyspnea
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Facial fracture with severe swelling risks airway ABCs dictate first look, as edema could choke breathing fast. Cough's stable, anuria's concerning but not immediate, COPD dyspnea's chronic unless crashing. Nurses triage swelling, anticipating intubation, a split-second save in this ED rush.

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