Risk of injury in older adults: Who is most at risk?
- A. "80-year-old with no fan or air conditioning."
- B. "70-year-old with new dentures."
- C. "68-year-old who can't taste salt in food."
- D. "84-year-old who needs hearing aids."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of cooling mechanisms in hot weather increases the risk of heat stroke in older adults.
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During a prenatal visit, a nurse discovers that a Black woman has been occasionally craving and eating clay. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?
- A. Tell the client that many pregnant women crave such nonfood substances, and it is not a problem.
- B. Ignore the comment because pica is acceptable in some rural Black cultures.
- C. Encourage the client to eat it with plenty of water because of the risk of constipation.
- D. Stress the importance of an appropriate diet and avoiding pica in a culturally sensitive way.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pica can lead to health complications, and the nurse should stress the importance of a proper diet in a culturally sensitive way.
A child is focused on peer approval and avoidance of “not fitting in.” According to Kohlberg, this child is experiencing which of the following stages of moral development?
- A. Preconventional
- B. Conventional
- C. Postconventional
- D. Preoperational
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the conventional stage, the goal is to gain approval and avoid disapproval from peers.
The devaluing of beliefs, values, and customs of others is known as:
- A. Ethnocentrism
- B. Racism
- C. Cultural competency
- D. Empathy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Racism is the belief in the superiority of one’s own race and the devaluation of others' cultural practices.
A nurse is told by a colleague that an Asian American individual on home care is using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Which of the following conclusions can accurately be drawn from this statement?
- A. The client will have adverse complications from using this form of medicine.
- B. The client may be using meditation, acupuncture, or another therapy.
- C. The client will soon be returning to his or her native country for further treatment.
- D. The client does not agree with the current professional care medication regimen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CAM includes practices like acupuncture and meditation, and individuals may use them alongside professional care to address health concerns.
Which scenario represents a dysfunctional pattern?
- A. Sexually active teenager who does not use condoms
- B. Salesman who sleeps only 5 hours a night
- C. Single mother of three children
- D. Woman with a small extended family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sexually active teenager who does not use condoms has a dysfunctional sexual-reproductive pattern, leading to risks.