Nokea
Sacl restriction endonuclease reactions produce fragments with
- A. blunt end
- B. None of the options are correct
- C. 5' cohesive ends
- D. 3' cohesive ends
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 5' cohesive ends. Sacl restriction endonuclease cuts DNA at specific recognition sites, leaving single-stranded overhangs called cohesive ends. In this case, Sacl creates 5' overhangs, resulting in fragments with 5' cohesive ends. Blunt ends (option A) have no overhangs, making them incorrect. Options B and D are incorrect as they do not align with the specific characteristic of Sacl restriction endonuclease's cleavage pattern.
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All of the following are true EXCEPT
- A. An epitope is a small portion of a macromolecule
- B. the variable region domains contain the antigen recognition site
- C. an antigenic determinant is a paratope
- D. The class of an immunoglobulin is determined by its heavy chain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an antigenic determinant is not a paratope, but an epitope. Epitope is a small portion of a macromolecule that is recognized by antibodies. Variable region domains of antibodies contain the antigen recognition site. The class of an immunoglobulin is indeed determined by its heavy chain. Therefore, C is the only statement that is not true.
The nurse is admitting a patient to the clinical unit from surgery. Being alert to potential fluid volume alterations, what assessment data will be important for the nurse to monitor to identify early changes in the patient’s postoperative fluid volume (select all that apply)?
- A. Intake and output
- B. Skin turgor
- C. Lung sounds
- D. Respiratory rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring intake/output, skin turgor, lung sounds, and respiratory rate helps detect dehydration, edema, or fluid overload early after surgery.
What is the primary role of Helper T cells in the immune response?
- A. Killing infected host cells
- B. Producing antibodies
- C. Secreting cytokines to activate other immune cells
- D. Suppressing immune responses
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Helper T cells primarily secrete cytokines to activate other immune cells. This is crucial for coordinating and amplifying the immune response. They do not kill infected host cells (A), as that is the role of cytotoxic T cells. Producing antibodies (B) is the function of B cells. Suppressing immune responses (D) is the role of regulatory T cells, not Helper T cells.
The way in which some organism supplies some other organism with food and energy known as
- A. Food chains
- B. Food Network
- C. Pyramid of power
- D. levels of nutrition
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Food chains. A food chain depicts the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another in an ecosystem. It shows how energy is transferred from producers to consumers. Food network (B) is a more complex and interconnected system than a simple linear chain. Pyramid of power (C) represents the energy flow in an ecosystem, not the transfer of food. Levels of nutrition (D) is not a term commonly used to describe how organisms transfer food and energy.
Which of the following precautions must a nurse take while caring for clients with HIV/AIDS to reduce occupational risks?
- A. Transport specimens of body fluids in leak proof containers.
- B. Seek prescription for a fusion inhibitor to reduce risk of infection.
- C. Avoid administering IV drugs.
- D. Avoid cleaning the client’s room,especially cleaning urine,stoolor vomit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transporting specimens in leak-proof containers minimizes the risk of exposure to infectious body fluids.