Nokea
Set in motion and continue the trajectory projection and scheme' is a goal of management in which of the following trajectory phases?
- A. Pretrajectory
- B. Onset
- C. Comeback
- D. Downward
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Comeback phase kicks plans alive sustaining chronic care's path, not preventing, starting, or adapting decline. Nurses steer this, a rebound's drive.
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Which of the following appropriately describes diastolic dysfunction?
- A. The rate of filling of the ventricles during diastole is slowed
- B. The left ventricle is dilated
- C. The preload (end ventricular diastolic volume) is increased
- D. The left ventricular ejection fraction is decreased
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diastolic dysfunction stiffens ventricles slowed filling in diastole nails it, as relaxation flops, hiking pressure. Dilated LV or high preload fits systolic; low EF's not here preserved in HFpEF. Dyssynchrony's another beast. Clinicians peg this slow fill, a chronic heart kink distinct from pump fail.
The nurse is assessing a 14-year-old girl with a tumor. Which of the following findings would indicate Ewing sarcoma?
- A. Child complains of dull bone pain just above the knee.
- B. Palpation reveals non-tender swelling on the right ribs.
- C. Parents report a mass on the abdomen that crosses the midline.
- D. Palpation reveals asymptomatic mass on the upper back.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ewing sarcoma is a rare bone cancer primarily affecting children and adolescents, typically arising in flat bones like the pelvis, chest wall (e.g., ribs), or vertebrae, and the diaphysis of long bones. A hallmark is a palpable, non-tender mass, making non-tender swelling on the ribs a strong indicator, as it aligns with the tumor's common chest wall location and lack of initial pain sensitivity. Dull bone pain above the knee suggests a long bone issue, possibly osteosarcoma, which favors the metaphysis, not Ewing's typical diaphysis site. An abdominal mass crossing the midline is more characteristic of Wilms tumor or neuroblastoma, not Ewing sarcoma. An asymptomatic upper back mass could suggest various tumors, but lacks specificity for Ewing's flat bone preference. Nurses must recognize this presentation to facilitate prompt imaging and biopsy, critical for early diagnosis and treatment planning in pediatric oncology.
A 10-year-old boy is being prepared for a bone marrow transplant. The nurse can determine that the child understands this treatment when he says:
- A. I'll be much better after this blood goes to my bones.
- B. I won't feel too good until my body makes healthy cells.
- C. This will help all of the medicine they give me to work better.
- D. You won't have to wear a mask and gown after my transplant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A bone marrow transplant (BMT) replaces diseased marrow (e.g., in leukemia) with healthy stem cells, but recovery is slow new, functional blood cells take weeks to months to regenerate, during which the child may feel unwell due to immunosuppression and engraftment challenges. The statement I won't feel too good until my body makes healthy cells' shows the boy grasps this delay, reflecting realistic understanding critical for coping and consent in pediatric care. Feeling better immediately after infusion is inaccurate initial post-BMT phases often worsen symptoms. Enhancing medicine efficacy isn't the goal; BMT is the therapy. Masks and gowns persist post-transplant due to infection risk until immunity recovers. The nurse's validation of this insight ensures the child is prepared, aligning with oncology's focus on patient education and emotional support during complex treatments.
In Home BP monitoring, which of the following readings show a normal night-time BP?
- A. 120/70 mmHg
- B. 135/85 mmHg
- C. 130/80 mmHg
- D. 125/75 mmHg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Home night BP 120/70 fits normal, not 130+ creepers. Nurses clock this chronic sleep dip.
A nurse has taught a client about dietary changes that can reduce the chances of developing cancer. What statement by the client indicates the nurse needs to provide additional teaching?
- A. Foods high in vitamin A and vitamin C are important.
- B. I'll have to cut down on the amount of bacon I eat.
- C. I'm so glad I don't have to give up my juicy steaks.
- D. Vegetables, fruit, and high-fiber grains are important.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diet plays a significant role in cancer prevention, and nurses often educate clients on evidence-based dietary adjustments. Foods rich in vitamins A and C, such as carrots and citrus fruits, are known to have antioxidant properties that may reduce cancer risk by neutralizing free radicals. Reducing processed meats like bacon is advised due to their association with colorectal cancer, linked to nitrates and high fat content. Similarly, high vegetable, fruit, and fiber intake is recommended for their protective effects against various cancers, including colon cancer. However, excessive red meat consumption, such as steaks, is a known risk factor for cancers like colorectal and prostate cancer due to saturated fats and carcinogenic compounds formed during cooking. The client's statement about not giving up steaks suggests a misunderstanding, indicating the nurse must clarify that limiting red meat, not just processed meat, is part of a cancer-preventive diet. This additional teaching is essential to ensure the client adopts a comprehensive approach to reducing cancer risk.