Nokea
She reads about Path-Goal theory. Which of the following behaviors is manifested by the leader who uses this theory?
- A. Recognizes staff for going beyond expectations by giving them citations
- B. Challenges the staff to take individual accountability for their own practice
- C. Admonishes staff for being laggards
- D. Reminds staff about the sanctions for non-performance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Path-Goal theory, per Ms. Caputo's study, involves leaders rewarding exceptional performance like citations to motivate staff toward goals. Challenging accountability aligns with Transformational leadership, admonishing reflects Authoritarian tendencies, and sanctions fit Transactional styles. In a unit, a Path-Goal leader might praise a nurse for swift triage, aligning individual effort with hospital aims. This positive reinforcement clears paths to success, a tactic Ms. Caputo could use to boost morale and productivity, contrasting punitive approaches that might alienate her team in her new managerial role.
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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
- B. Hemoglobin 7.8 g/dL
- C. Sodium 140 mEq/L
- D. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preoperative lab review identifies risks impacting surgery anemia, electrolytes, or organ function. Hemoglobin 7.8 g/dL below the normal 12-15 g/dL for females or 13-17 g/dL for males indicates anemia, reducing oxygen-carrying capacity, a concern for anesthesia and healing, warranting provider notification for possible transfusion or delay. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L (normal 3.5-5.0), sodium 140 mEq/L (135-145), and creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.6-1.2) are within range, posing no immediate threat. Low hemoglobin directly affects surgical safety, triggering urgent communication to adjust the plan, ensuring optimal oxygenation and recovery, a critical nursing responsibility in preoperative care coordination.
A nurse is ambulating a client who has an IV with an infusion pump. After the nurse returns the client to his room and plugs in the infusion pump, the client reports a slight tingling in his hand. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Turn off the pump
- B. Increase the infusion rate
- C. Tape the cord
- D. Notify maintenance only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tingling in the hand after plugging in an IV pump suggests electrical malfunction possibly a short circuit or grounding issue posing shock or fire risks. Turning off the pump immediately halts potential harm, prioritizing client and staff safety, allowing assessment (e.g., cord damage) and tagging for repair. Increasing the rate ignores the symptom, worsening exposure, while taping the cord assumes a fix without evidence, delaying resolution. Notifying maintenance alone prolongs risk until they arrive. Shutting off aligns with safety-first principles, mitigating electrical hazards swiftly, critical in a clinical setting where equipment failure can escalate, ensuring protection until a full check confirms functionality.
In order to understand verbal and nonverbal communication which of the following things should we do?
- A. Accept cultural differences
- B. Studying your own culture
- C. Learn about other cultures
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: D all aid understanding. Nurse leaders learn cultures for better care, contrasting with ignorance. In healthcare, it bridges gaps, aligning leadership with inclusive communication.
A nurse is assisting with the informed consent process for a client who is scheduled for a below-the-knee amputation. The client asks the nurse, 'Why are they making me have this surgery today? I don't understand why they are doing this.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Explain the procedure in detail
- B. Notify the provider of the client's comments
- C. Reassure the client it's necessary
- D. Have the client sign the consent form
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Informed consent hinges on the client's full understanding of the procedure, risks, and reasons, which the provider must ensure. When a client expresses confusion, as here with questions about the surgery's necessity, the nurse's role is to facilitate clarity by notifying the provider, who is responsible for explaining and obtaining consent. This action ensures the client receives accurate, authoritative answers, upholding autonomy and legal standards. Explaining the procedure herself exceeds the nurse's scope in this context, risking misinformation. Reassuring without addressing confusion dismisses the client's need for understanding, while forcing a signature without comprehension invalidates consent. Notifying the provider ensures the client's questions are resolved, protecting their rights and ensuring the process remains ethical and informed.
When your text says that interpersonal communication can be thought of as a constellation of behaviours, it means that
- A. It is important to understand the joint actions people perform when they are together
- B. It is important to understand how people label and evaluate relationships
- C. It is important to understand the opposing forces that pull communicators in different directions
- D. None of the above; interpersonal communication is not a constellation of behaviours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constellation means joint actions not labels, forces, or denial. Nurse leaders like team talks see this, contrasting with isolation. In healthcare, it's collaborative, aligning leadership with interaction.