Nokea
Sponges reproduce through which form of asexual reproduction?
- A. Fission.
- B. Budding.
- C. Fragmentation.
- D. Parthenogenesis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Budding. In budding, a new organism develops as an outgrowth or bud on the parent organism. This process results in the formation of a genetically identical offspring. Sponges reproduce asexually through budding by forming small growths, which eventually detach and grow into new individuals. Fission (A) involves the splitting of an organism into two separate organisms, which is not how sponges reproduce. Fragmentation (C) is the breaking of the parent organism into fragments, with each fragment developing into a new individual, but this is not how sponges reproduce asexually. Parthenogenesis (D) is a form of asexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual, which is not the method used by sponges.
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Which one of the following is not one of the secondary sex characteristics typical of males?
- A. Deepening voice
- B. Increased growth of body hair
- C. Enlargement of skeletal muscle mass
- D. Development of breast tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Development of breast tissue. This is not a secondary sex characteristic typical of males because breast development is a primary sex characteristic associated with females due to the presence of estrogen. In males, the secondary sex characteristics include deepening voice, increased growth of body hair, and enlargement of skeletal muscle mass due to the effects of testosterone. Breast tissue development in males, known as gynecomastia, is abnormal and can be caused by hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions.
A “birth control” compound for men has been sought for several decades. Which of the following would provide effective sterility?
- A. Substance that mimics the actions of luteinizing hormone
- B. Substance that blocks the actions of inhibin
- C. Substance that blocks the actions of follicle-stimulating hormone
- D. Substance that mimics the actions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Substance that blocks the actions of follicle-stimulating hormone. By blocking the actions of FSH, sperm production in the testes would be inhibited, leading to effective sterility. FSH plays a crucial role in stimulating sperm production, so blocking its actions would prevent the development of mature sperm.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Substance that mimics the actions of luteinizing hormone - Mimicking LH would not necessarily lead to effective sterility in men.
B: Substance that blocks the actions of inhibin - Inhibin regulates FSH secretion but blocking it would not directly lead to effective sterility.
D: Substance that mimics the actions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone - Mimicking GnRH would not directly impact sperm production and sterility.
Which term includes the other terms?
- A. spermatozoa
- B. alkaline mucus
- C. semen
- D. fructose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: semen. Semen is the fluid that contains spermatozoa, alkaline mucus, and fructose. Spermatozoa are the male reproductive cells, alkaline mucus helps neutralize vaginal acidity, and fructose provides energy for sperm. Semen is the combination of these components, making it the term that encompasses all the other terms listed. A: spermatozoa is incorrect because it is just one component of semen. B: alkaline mucus is incorrect as it is a separate component in semen. D: fructose is incorrect because it is also just one component found in semen.
The pregnant patient tells the nurse that she has had three pregnancies and two live births to date. How does the nurse record this in the patient’s history?
- A. Gravida 3, para 3
- B. Gravida 3, para 2
- C. Gravida 2, para 3
- D. Gravida 2, para 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Gravida refers to the total number of pregnancies, which is 3 in this case.
2. Para refers to the number of live births, which is 2.
3. Therefore, the correct way to record this patient's history is Gravida 3, para 2.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - para should be 2, not 3.
C: Incorrect - gravida should be 3, not 2.
D: Incorrect - gravida should be 3, not 2.
The best time for a woman of childbearing age to perform breast self-examination is
- A. during her menstrual period
- B. 2 days before the onset of her menstrual period
- C. 1 week after her menstrual period ends
- D. the day her menstrual period begins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Performing breast self-examination one week after the menstrual period ends is recommended as the breasts are least likely to be tender or swollen.