Nokea
Systolic hypertension and stroke are due to:
- A. Increased vascular stiffness related to structural changes
- B. Loss of peripheral vascular tone
- C. Buildup of soft plaque within the veins
- D. Changes within the basement membrane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As people age, arteries lose elasticity and become stiffer, leading to increased systolic blood pressure and higher risk of stroke.
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A clinical polysomnography (PSG) may be performed on a patient with signs and symptoms of a sleep disorder. What measures and observations does this study include (select all that apply)?
- A. Heart rate monitoring
- B. Noninvasive oxygen saturation (SpO2)
- C. Surface body temperature fluctuations
- D. Blood pressure monitoring (noninvasive)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, E, F, G, H, and I. PSG includes heart rate, SpO2, airflow, muscle tone, respiratory effort, eye movements, and brain activity. Surface body temperature (C) and actigraphy (J) are not typically part of PSG.
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis typically have pain
- A. With activity.
- B. Only upon awakening.
- C. Late in the evening.
- D. All day without remission.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RA pain worsens with activity due to joint inflammation.
What do you tell patients is the most important risk factor for lung cancer when you are teaching about lung cancer prevention?
- A. Cigarette smoking.
- B. Exposure to environmental/occupational carcinogens.
- C. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
- D. Pipe or cigar smoking.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for the majority of cases worldwide.
Mrs. Blakely's postoperative course is otherwise uneventful, and she is fitted with corrective glasses. For Mrs. Blakely to adjust to wearing her new eyeglasses, it would be most important to teach her that
- A. the color of objects seen with the operated eye is much brighter
- B. her new glasses will be much heavier
- C. she will have binocular vision
- D. she will have considerable distortion in vision
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After cataract surgery, colors may appear brighter due to the removal of the cloudy lens, which previously muted perception of certain wavelengths.
What aspect of Mr. Ross’s health history is most indicative of cancer of the lung?
- A. A positive Tine test
- B. He is a vegetarian
- C. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day
- D. He last visited a physician 2 years ago
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smoking is the strongest risk factor for lung cancer.