Target audiences for health care organizations are:
- A. nurses and physicians
- B. clients, physicians, payer, and employees
- C. regulatory agencies such as The Joint Commission (TJC) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
- D. insurance companies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients, physicians, payers, and employees are targets, not just staff, regulators, or insurers. Nurse leaders address these like payer contracts contrasting with narrow foci. It's crucial in healthcare for broad engagement, aligning leadership with stakeholder needs.
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According the Path-Goal Theory, what leader is friendly and shows concern for the needs of followers?
- A. The achievement-oriented leader
- B. The directive leader
- C. The laissez-faire leader
- D. The supportive leader
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supportive leaders show concern, unlike achievement, directive, or laissez-faire. Nurse leaders like empathy fit this, contrasting with task focus. In healthcare, it boosts morale, aligning leadership with support.
The nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which intervention is the priority to prevent infection?
- A. Empty the drainage bag every 8 hours
- B. Secure the catheter to the leg
- C. Clean the insertion site daily
- D. Encourage fluid intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With an indwelling catheter, clean the site daily is priority, not emptying, securing, or fluids. Cleaning cuts infection others help but germs at entry matter most. Leadership ensures this imagine cloudy urine; it prevents UTI, aligning with catheter care effectively.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
- B. Hemoglobin 7.8 g/dL
- C. Sodium 140 mEq/L
- D. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preoperative lab review identifies risks impacting surgery anemia, electrolytes, or organ function. Hemoglobin 7.8 g/dL below the normal 12-15 g/dL for females or 13-17 g/dL for males indicates anemia, reducing oxygen-carrying capacity, a concern for anesthesia and healing, warranting provider notification for possible transfusion or delay. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L (normal 3.5-5.0), sodium 140 mEq/L (135-145), and creatinine 0.9 mg/dL (0.6-1.2) are within range, posing no immediate threat. Low hemoglobin directly affects surgical safety, triggering urgent communication to adjust the plan, ensuring optimal oxygenation and recovery, a critical nursing responsibility in preoperative care coordination.
The chief nursing officer decided that the nurse managers need a series of staff-development programs on team building through communication and partnerships. She understood that the nurse managers needed to build confidence in ways of handling various situations. The greatest deterrent to confidence is:
- A. lack of clarity in the mission
- B. lack of control of the environment
- C. fear that one can't handle the consequences
- D. fear that the boss will not like one's work
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confidence in managing situations like team conflicts erodes most when nurse managers fear they can't handle outcomes, such as unresolved disputes or poor team performance. The CNO's focus on communication and partnerships aims to bolster this, as fear of consequences undermines competence and decision-making. Unclear missions or uncontrolled environments challenge leadership, but the personal dread of failure is more paralyzing. Fear of disapproval is less critical than managing tangible results. Building skills to navigate consequences directly boosts confidence, addressing the core barrier identified here.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
- A. White blood cell count
- B. Serum creatinine
- C. Blood glucose
- D. Serum potassium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For methotrexate in RA, monitor WBC, not creatinine, glucose, or potassium. This immunosuppressant risks leukopenia infection looms if low. Kidneys matter, but marrow's primary. Leadership watches this imagine fever; it ensures safety, aligning with RA therapy effectively.
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