Nokea
The client is complaining of low-back pain and is prescribed the muscle relaxant carisoprodol (Soma). Which teaching intervention has priority?
- A. Explain this medication causes GI distress.
- B. Discuss the need to taper off this medication.
- C. Warn this medication will cause drowsiness.
- D. Instruct the client to limit alcohol intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carisoprodol causes drowsiness, a safety risk (e.g., falls, driving); warning is the priority. GI distress, tapering, or alcohol are secondary.
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A 68-year-old man has been diagnosed as having Parkinson's disease. He is started on Cogentin 0.5 mg PO daily. Which nursing action is most essential at this time?
- A. Monitor his BP and pulse
- B. Encourage cold beverages and hard candies
- C. Observe for rashes
- D. Monitor his stools for fluid loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cogentin, an anticholinergic, causes dry mouth; encouraging cold beverages and hard candies helps manage this side effect.
The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral iron supplements to a 2 year-old child. Which of the following interventions should be included in the teaching?
- A. Stop the medication if the stools become tarry green
- B. Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw
- C. Add the medicine to a bottle of formula
- D. Administer the iron with your child's meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw. Absorption of iron is facilitated in an environment rich in Vitamin C. Since liquid iron preparation will stain teeth, a straw is preferred.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methyldopa hydrochloride (Aldomet) intravenously. Which of the following assessment findings would indicate to the nurse that the client may be having an adverse reaction to the medication?
- A. Headache
- B. Mood changes
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Palpitations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mood changes. The nurse should assess the client for alterations in mental status such as mood changes. These symptoms should be reported promptly.
The client in the intensive care department is receiving 2 mcg/kg/min of dopamine, an inotropic vasopressor. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Monitor the client's blood pressure every two (2) hours.
- B. Assess the client's peripheral pulses every shift.
- C. Use a urometer to assess hourly output.
- D. Ensure the IV tubing is not exposed to the light.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dopamine affects renal perfusion; hourly urine output via urometer monitors efficacy and prevents toxicity. BP, pulses, or light exposure are less critical.
The client diagnosed with migraine headaches is prescribed propranolol (Inderal), a beta blocker, for prophylaxis. Which information should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Instruct to take the medication at the first sign of headache.
- B. Teach the client to take his or her radial pulse for one (1) minute.
- C. Explain this drug may make the client thirsty and have a dry mouth.
- D. Discuss the need to increase artificial light in the home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propranolol can cause bradycardia; teaching pulse monitoring ensures safety. It’s prophylactic, not acute, and dry mouth or lighting are unrelated.