Cardiovascular System Exam Questions

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions related questions and content

The client is on dobutamine. Adverse effects of Dobutrex (dobutamine) include the following: Select all that apply.

  • A. Heart failure
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Tachycardia
  • D. Respiratory distress
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist, which increases heart rate.
2. Tachycardia is a common adverse effect due to increased heart rate.
3. Bradycardia is the opposite effect and not expected with dobutamine.
4. Heart failure is a condition that dobutamine is used to treat, not cause.
5. Respiratory distress is not a typical adverse effect of dobutamine.

Summary:
Choice C (Tachycardia) is correct because dobutamine increases heart rate. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because dobutamine does not cause heart failure, bradycardia, or respiratory distress.

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Discuss the strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.

  • A. Oral hygiene
  • B. Elevation of head
  • C. Both A and B
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Prevention includes maintaining oral hygiene and elevating the head of the bed.

Which chronic condition is characterized by abnormally thickened heart muscle, making it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently?

  • A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • B. Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • D. Ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale:
1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by thickening of the heart muscle.
2. The thickening reduces the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently.
3. This leads to symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue.
4. HCM is a genetic condition that affects the heart's structure.
5. Dilated cardiomyopathy involves the heart becoming enlarged, not thickened.
6. Restrictive cardiomyopathy refers to stiffening of the heart muscle.
7. Ventricular hypertrophy is a general term for thickening of the heart's chambers, not the muscle itself.

Summary:
A is correct as HCM matches the description provided. B, C, and D do not align with the specific characteristics of abnormally thickened heart muscle seen in HCM.

A nurse is required to monitor a client with dysrhythmia during the administration of isoproterenol. Which of the following nursing interventions will help to determine the drug response?

  • A. Monitor vital signs.
  • B. Closely monitor the pulse rate.
  • C. Monitor blood pressure.
  • D. Monitor fluid intake and output.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Monitoring fluid balance helps assess volume status and its impact on heart rate and rhythm during isoproterenol administration.

Mrs. Payer's care plan during the acute phase following MI should include attention to such psychologic aspects as fear, stress, and hopefulness. Therapeutic goals from the time of admission must be geared to

  • A. acceptance
  • B. rehabilitation
  • C. slowing down
  • D. dependence
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acceptance facilitates adaptation to illness.

The nurse is teaching a client about side effects of ACE inhibitors. What is the most important side effect to monitor?

  • A. Cough
  • B. Hyperkalemia
  • C. Hypotension
  • D. Dizziness
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors can cause a persistent, dry cough due to bradykinin accumulation. It is important to monitor for this as it can indicate potential angioedema, a serious adverse effect. Hyperkalemia (B) is a potential side effect but may not be as immediate or common as cough. Hypotension (C) is a common side effect but not as crucial to monitor as cough. Dizziness (D) is a common side effect but not as significant as cough in terms of potential complications.

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