Nokea
The clue to need help by age of 24 months, if the child
- A. speech is not understood by familiar listeners
- B. speech is not understood by unfamiliar listeners
- C. has not begun to ask questions (using where, what, why)
- D. is not using short sentences (e.g., 'Daddy went bye-bye')
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By 24 months, children should begin using short sentences.
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Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention for the newborn who is jittery and twitching and has a high-pitched cry?
- A. Monitor blood pressure closely.
- B. Obtain urine sample to detect glycosuria.
- C. Obtain serum glucose and serum calcium levels.
- D. Administer oral glucose or, if newborn refuses to suck, IV dextrose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention for the jittery and twitching newborn with a high-pitched cry is to obtain serum glucose and serum calcium levels (Option C). These symptoms are indicative of possible hypoglycemia or hypocalcemia, which are common issues for newborns. Monitoring glucose and calcium levels will help identify and address any imbalances that may be causing these symptoms. Administering glucose (Option D) may be necessary if hypoglycemia is confirmed, but it should be based on the results of blood tests. Monitoring blood pressure (Option A) and obtaining a urine sample to detect glycosuria (Option B) are not the priority interventions in this scenario compared to assessing serum glucose and calcium levels.
A patient teaching plan should include which of the ff. lifestyle modifications to help control hypertension?
- A. Regular aerobic exercise
- B. Three alcoholic beverages per day
- C. Low-tar cigarettes
- D. Daily multivitamin supplements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular aerobic exercise is an essential lifestyle modification to help control hypertension. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce the risk of developing hypertension. Physical activity strengthens the heart, making it more efficient in pumping blood, which can lead to lower blood pressure levels. Additionally, exercise helps in weight management, which is crucial in controlling hypertension as obesity is a significant risk factor for high blood pressure. Overall, incorporating regular aerobic exercise into a patient's routine can significantly contribute to better blood pressure control and overall health.
After receiving an immunization for pediatric diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP), a patient develops swelling and tenderness at the injection site, a low-grade fever, and malaise. The pediatric nurse informs the patient's parents that:
- A. they should delay future immunizations until the patient sees an allergist.
- B. this is a mild reaction, and teaches them how to manage it.
- C. this is an appropriate reaction, and instructs them to do nothing.
- D. none of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mild reactions like swelling, tenderness, low-grade fever, and malaise are common after DTaP vaccination and can be managed with supportive care.
The birthweight usually quadruples by the age of
- A. 1.5 years
- B. 2 years
- C. 2.5 years
- D. 3 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Birthweight typically quadruples by 2 years.
Nurse Analiza is administering a medication via the intraosseous route to a child. Intraosseous drug administration is typically used when a child is:
- A. Under age 3
- B. Over age 3
- C. Critically ill and under age 3
- D. Critically ill and over age 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intraosseous drug administration is typically reserved for pediatric patients who are critically ill and under the age of 3. This route is chosen when intravenous access cannot be readily established or when the patient is in urgent need of medication administration. Young children have easily accessible bone marrow spaces, making intraosseous administration a quick and effective means of delivering medications in emergency situations. Older children tend to have more developed vasculature, making it easier to establish intravenous access in those cases.