Nokea
The nurse should expect the apical heart rate of a stabilized newborn to be in which range?
- A. 60 to 80 beats/min
- B. 80 to 100 beats/min
- C. 120 to 140 beats/min
- D. 160 to 180 beats/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A stabilized newborn generally has an apical heart rate in the range of 80 to 100 beats per minute. This range is considered normal for a healthy newborn. It is important for the nurse to monitor the newborn's heart rate closely to ensure that it remains within this expected range. Any significant deviation from this range may indicate an underlying health issue that needs to be addressed promptly. Monitoring heart rate is a critical aspect of newborn care, especially in the immediate postnatal period.
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Which is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?
- A. Staphylococcus albus
- B. Streptococcus hemolyticus
- C. Staphylococcus albicans
- D. Streptococcus viridans
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Streptococcus viridans is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis. This group of bacteria consists of various species, including S. sanguinis and S. mutans, which normally reside in the oral cavity and are commonly associated with endocarditis following dental procedures. Streptococcus viridans can enter the bloodstream due to dental work, oral infections, or trauma to the oral tissues, and cause infective endocarditis by adhering to damaged heart valves or endocardium. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species are other common pathogens associated with endocarditis, but Streptococcus viridans remains the most prevalent causative agent.
A school nurse observes a child, with a peanut allergy, in obvious distress, wheezing and cyanotic, after ingestion of some trail mix containing peanuts. Place the interventions the nurse should implement in order of the highest priority to the lowest priority. Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d).
- A. Call Jason's parents and notify them of the situation.
- B. Call Jason's family practitioner to obtain further orders for medication.
- C. Promptly administer an intramuscular dose of epinephrine. TestBankWorld.org
- D. Call 911 and wait for the emergency response personnel to arrive.
Correct Answer: c
Rationale: The highest priority intervention in this situation is 'C': Promptly administer an intramuscular dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Administering Epinephrine as soon as possible can help reverse The symptoms and stabilize The child.
A client has an abnormal result on a Papanicolaou test. After admitting that she read her chart while the nurse was out of the room, the client asks what dysplasia means. Which definition should the nurse provide?
- A. Presence of completely undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the tissues of their origin
- B. Increase in the number of normal cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an organ
- C. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by another in tissues where the second type normally isn't found
- D. Alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dysplasia refers to an alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells. It indicates abnormal changes in the cells that can be a precursor to cancer. In the context of a Papanicolaou test, the presence of dysplasia may suggest abnormal cell growth in the cervix, which can potentially develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. It is important for the client to follow up with healthcare providers for further evaluation and management if dysplasia is detected.
Which of the ff. actions would the nurse include in the plan of care to reduce the symptoms of the patient who has vertigo?
- A. Avoid noises
- B. Encourage fluid intake
- C. Avoid sudden movements
- D. Administer analgesics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vertigo is a sensation of spinning or dizziness that can be caused by issues in the inner ear. One of the key strategies in managing vertigo is to avoid sudden movements that can trigger or worsen the symptoms. Sudden movements can disrupt the balance mechanisms in the inner ear and further exacerbate the feeling of dizziness and spinning. By advising the patient to avoid sudden movements, the nurse can help reduce the intensity and frequency of vertigo episodes, promoting greater comfort and quality of life for the patient.
Major treatment modalities for breast cancer are:
- A. Surgery, remove the primary tumor
- B. Radiotherapy, destroy microscopic diseases
- C. Chemotherapy, systematically destroys cancer cells
- D. All of these
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The major treatment modalities for breast cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Each of these modalities plays a crucial role in the treatment plan for breast cancer patients: